Question

Write about the vernacular press act of 1878

Answer 1

The Vernacular Press act was imposed by Lord Lytton(viceroy of the then British India). The ill famed Vernacular press act of 1878 deprived newspapers published in vernacular languages of their right to criticise the government. But some political association came into being that built up a strong movement against the vernacular press act. Under the pressure of the agitation made by these political associations the next viceroy of the British government(Lord Ripon) annulled the vernacular press act in 1881.

Answer 2

Vernacular Press Act, in British India, law enacted in 1878 to curtail the freedom of the Indian-language (i.e., non-English) press. Proposed by Lord Lytton, then viceroy of India (governed 1876–80), the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). The act excluded English-language publications. It elicited strong and sustained protests from a wide spectrum of the Indian populace.

The law was repealed in 1881 by Lytton’s successor as viceroy, Lord Ripon (governed 1880–84). However, the resentment it produced among Indians became one of the catalysts giving rise to India’s growing independence movement. Among the act’s most vocal critics was the Indian Association (founded 1876), which is generally considered to be one of the precursors of the Indian National Congress (founded 1885).