Question

write about three kind of agricultural settelment during the company rule​

Answer 1

Answer:

Three major systems of land revenue collection existed in India. They were – Zamindari, Ryotwari and Mahalwari.

Explanation:

1. Zamindari System : Zamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through the Permanent Settlement Act.

• It was introduced in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi.
• Also known as Permanent Settlement System.
• Zamindars were recognized as the owner of the lands.
• Zamindars were given the rights to collect the rent from the peasants.

2. Ryotwari System : Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820.

• This was the primary land revenue system in South India.
• Major areas of introduction include Madras, Bombay, parts of Assam and Coorg provinces of British India.
• In Ryotwari System the ownership rights were handed over to the peasants. British Government collected taxes directly from the peasants.

3. Mahalwari System : Mahalwari system was introduced in 1822 by Holt Mackenzie. Later, the system was reformed during the period of William Bentick (1833).

• This was the primary land revenue system in North-West India.
• It was introduced in Central Province, North-West Frontier, Agra, Punjab, Gangetic Valley, etc of British India.
• In this system, the land was divided into Mahals. Each Mahal comprises one or more villages.
• The entire village (Mahal) was considered as a single unit for tax collection.

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