Question

Write an account of structure and function of cerebrum.

Answer 1

The cerebrum is also called cortex . It is the largest part of the brain and is divided by a furrow into 2 hemispheres called the left and the right hemisphere .The cerebrum is further divided into 4 sections called ' lobes ' -- 1) Frontal lobe 2) Parietal lobe 3) Occipital lobe 4) Temporal lobe The main function of cerebrum is associated with various functions of brain like action and thought .....

Answer 2

NCERT based Answer for Class 11 Biology Students

Cerebrum:

 It is the largest part of brain (80%) and is highly developed.

 It is divided into two hemispheres by a prominent longitudinal fissure.

Note: Deep grooves in brain are called fissure.

 Two cerebral hemispheres are connected by a bundle of transverse fibers called corpus callosum.

 The superficial gray matter layer of cerebrum is called cerebral cortex. Neural cell bodies are concentrated here giving the color.

 Deep to cortex lies the cerebral white matter which contains tracts of myelinated nerve fibers.

 Various signals are processed in specific cerebral regions:

• Sensory areas receive and interpret sensory impulses.

• Motor areas bring about responses to various stimulus.

• Association areas deal with more complex functions such as memory, emotions, reasoning, will, judgment, personality traits and intelligence.

4 Lobes of a cerebral hemisphere:  

 Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four lobes- frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital.

 Frontal lobe deals with memory, learning and reasoning. It interprets and stores inputs and initiates a response in light of similar past experience.

 It also coordinates speaking.

 Frontal lobe is seat of emotions, will power, personality and intelligence.

 Parietal lobe receives general sensations like pain, touch, temperature and pressure etc.

 Gustatory area in parietal lobe receives sense of taste.

 Temporal lobe receives sense of smell and hearing. It also helps understanding speech.

 Occipital lobe receives impulses from eye through optic nerve.

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