Question

write an account of the wildlife of the ganga brahmaputra basin?

Answer 1

Answer:

The Ganga Brahmaputra basin is situated at 10°N to 30°N in the sub-tropical region. The basin is formed as a result of the many tributaries from Ganga and Brahmaputra river. Some of the tributaries of Ganga or the Ganges joining the basin are the Ghaghra, the Son, the Gandhak, the Chambal, and the Kosi. The tributaries of the Brahmaputra joining the basin are Teesta and Meghna.

Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers originate from the Himalayas. After following their due course, Brahmaputra streams into other countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, China and Nepal. It flows through the northern states on India namely Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

As the largest densely populated basin in the world, the Ganga-Brahmaputra basin is also the highest fertile land of the sub-continent. The basin is a confluence of plains and mountains. What makes this basin different is its location.

Lying amidst the plains of Ganga river, and the Brahmaputra, the basin also has the Himalayas and Sunderban’s delta as its prominent features. Enriched with vegetation and life both, the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin is a proud epitome of the endless interaction of Humans with the environment.

Climate

As the basin lies in the sub-tropical region of the Northern hemisphere of the planet, the climate here is hot in summers and cool in winters. Being a monsoon-dominated area, the basin faces heavy rainfalls between the months of June and September.

Diverse Topography

Population in the basin depends upon weather and environmental conditions. For example, we find a lesser population in mountainous areas of Ganga river and Brahmaputra as compared to the plain areas surrounding the basin. The steep slopes of the mountains here make this place inhabitable. The plain areas for various reasons like fertility and farming are the most opted by humans for settlements. The land near the basin is highly fertile and makes it perfect for agriculture.

Due to obvious reasons, agriculture is the main occupation practised in the basin. The main crops cultivated in this region is paddy while, maize, sorghum, millets, and grams are the secondary crops cultivated in the region. In some areas, cash crops like jute and sugarcane are also cultivated. Since the basin starts from north and halts in the northeast we find a variety of cultivation trends in the basin region. Apart from these crops, we also see banana plantation and Tea plantation. The main mode of agriculture here is Terrace farming.

Terrace farming is that kind of farming in which the slopes are cut into steps. Thus helping in enriched cultivation results, using terrace farming for growing crops does not let the soil lose its fertility. Being a monsoon prone area it is essential terrace farming in the basin not only helps in the increasing cultivation but also soothes problems related to infertility and soil erosion.

Ganga river

Vegetation Cover of the Basin

The basin shows varied trends in vegetation, which depend on the kind of landforms around the basin. We find tropical deciduous trees alongside the Ganga river and the Brahmaputra. Some common trees here are Sal, Teak and Peepal. The Brahmaputra’s plain particularly is home to Thick Bamboo groves while the delta region has plenty of mangrove forests.

As we descend down the basin and reach Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh we find coniferous trees like Deodar, Pine and Fir. Since the temperature in these areas is comparatively cold here, coniferous trees are present in abundance here.

Wildlife

The Ganga Brahmaputra basin is house to a varied wildlife as well. Tigers, Elephants, Deer and monkeys are the most common. Apart from these one-horned Rhinoceros, crocodiles, alligators and Bengal tiger are a common sight in the delta. Rohu, Hilsa, Catla and Susu (Blind Dolphin) are the aquatic animals present in abundance in the rivers and lakes adjoining the basin.

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Answer 2

There is a variety of wildlife in the Ganga Brahmaputra basin as -

1. Elephants, tigers, deers and monkeys are common .
2. The one-horned rhinoceros is found in the Brahmaputra plain.
3. Bengal tiger, crocodiles and alligators are found .
4. Aquatic life in the river waters.
5. Rohu, catla and hilsa fish are found .