write an artical on the topic covid 19 and its
impact on human life?
Answers
Answer:
A new worldwide pandemic was declared by the WHO on March 11, 2020 , after the rapid diffusion of a respiratory disease (COVID-19) caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which was notified to the WHO by Chinese authorities on December 31, 2019. The novel coronavirus, now designated SARS-CoV-2, was first reported in Wuhan, China . After spreading in the Hubei region in China, the virus reached several different countries. Italy, especially the region of Lombardy, was one of the first areas to be hit, with the first cases reported on February 21, 2020.
Tessin, which is the southernmost canton of Switzerland, directly bordering on Lombardy, was hit immediately, and the pandemic caused almost 1,000 cases/100,000 inhabitants, more than in Lombardy where it caused 827 cases/100,000 people. Hospitals and clinics were reorganized to respond to the growing outbreak. Although no extreme restrictions were put on the movements of citizens as in other countries (e.g., Italy), people were asked to avoid unnecessary movements and hospital accesses. The official “lockdown” was declared on March 16 until April 27, with gradual reopening to follow.
During the COVID-19 lockdown period, the urology departments of all 4 Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC) hospitals experienced an unexpected noticeable reduction in urgent urological consultations requested by the emergency department (ED). We hypothesized that during the COVID-19 outbreak, daily urgent consultations might be reduced compared to the same period in the previous years because of more thoughtful access to the service during the pandemic: patients presented to the ED for real urgent needs, whereas they sometimes tend to use the ED to speed up nonurgent consultations.
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Objective: COVID-19 pandemic represents a dramatic challenge for healthcare systems worldwide, and it also affects daily urological practice. After China and Italy, Tessin (Switzerland) has been hit the hardest, due to its close proximity to Lombardy and the high number of frontier workers in the area. Our objective was to share with the scientific community how, during the COVID-19 period, there has been a huge modification in urological emergencies throughout all hospitals included in the Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed urgent urological consultations requested by the emergency department (ED) of the 4 public hospitals located in Tessin belonging to EOC in the 3-month period between February 15 and May 15, 2020, and compared them to the 2 previous years cases within the same time frame (February 15 to May 15, 2018 and 2019). The number of daily consultations, urgent invasive procedures performed, and admissions were evaluated. Results: The final sample resulted in 594 consultations performed in 2020, 974 in 2018, and 974 in 2019. A higher number of daily consultations were performed during 2018 and 2019. The number of daily admissions dropped consistently during the COVID-19 pandemic (737 vs. 392). Conclusions: Our multicenter study aimed to quantify changes in urgent urological care in Tessin in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Urgent urology practice was dramatically affected with a remarkable reduction in urgent urological consultations, whereas a higher risk of admissions was observed in 2020, due to the severity of the patients.