Write an article in 125-150 words on "environment pollution" ?
plz answer its very important
Answers
Answer:
THE STATE OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA
G. Vasilikiotis and F. Vosniakos
Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki
Dept. of Environmental Technology
P.O. Box 14561, 54101 Thessaloniki, GREECE
E-mail: [email protected]
One of the most important seas in the world is Mediterranean Sea. It is the largest inland
sea surrounded by three continents. European civilization was been on the shores of this sea,
which encompassed the civilized world in the ancient and medieval times.
Nowadays the pollution in the above sea is extended. The Mediterranean Sea serves at a steadily
growing rate as the recipient of multitude of waste discharges from residential areas, industrial
activities and touristic complexes. Records show a substantial increase in recent years, both in
volume and composition of effl uents, discharged into Mediterranean Sea. This discharge occurs
in the vicinity of all the major cities of the basin and has drastically modifi es the ecosystem
in these areas. Urban liquid wastes comprise mainly dirty water from domestic or industrial
washing, detergents and lubricating oils. Industrial liquid wastes comprise wastewater, oils,
detergents, solvents, organic and inorganic chemicals and heated cooling water.
Oil transport and transportation generally through Mediterranean Sea is also increasing.
There are some 2000 active ferry lines, 1500 cargo vessels and 2000 commercial vessels
operating in the Mediterranean Sea each year. The region has 305 ports of all sizes and
purposes. The region of ports with urbanization is notable.
The annual member of international tourists is expected to e about 200 million by this
year. In spite of marked improvements, the task of handling the liquid and solid waster in
summer is overwhelming.
To these facts, pollution from major Mediterranean rivers must be encountered. These
rivers drain geological and residential areas far away from coastal line. Very large quantity of
sediment entered into Mediterranean Sea every year this way.
The extent of pollution was recognized and a very valuable step was taken. The
Mediterranean states in a meeting in Barcelona in 1975 adopted an action plan for the protection
of Mediterranean Sea against pollution. This is the well-known MED POL programs. The
whole project was a success. Fortunately, the modern technology enables us to go back to
careful management of the coastal areas and bring again Environmental balance and Sustainable
development.
The marine environment has received man-made radionuclides from many sources:
the detonation of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, the controlled discharges of low-level
liquid effl uents from the nuclear power industry, and fallout arising from accidents such as
the Chernobyl reactor accident, in 1986. These various sources have, collectively, introduced a
wide range of nuclides both globally and locally.
A radiological impact assessment for S.E. Mediterranean area has been carried out with
co-operation of various specialists in the different branches of radiation protection both for man
and the environment. It was based upon investigations, which have been carried out in the past