Write an article of educational policies in India under the British Rule....
Answers
Answer:
Education policy of the British: In pre-British days, Hindus and Muslims were educated through Pathsala and Madrassa respectively, but their advent created a new place of learning i.e. Missionaries. So that, they can create a class of Indian who would be “Indian in blood and colour, but English in taste” who would act as interpreters between the Government and the masses.
Development of Education during British Period in India
Development of Education during British Period in India
"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest." -Benjamin Franklin
Education is a powerful tool to unlock the golden door of freedom that can change the world. With the advent of the British Rule in India, their policies and measures breached the legacies of traditional schools of learning which resulted in the need for creating a class of subordinates. To achieve this goal, they instituted a number of acts to create an Indian canvas of English colour through the education system.
Initially, the British East India Company was not concerned with the development of the education system because their prime motive was trading and profit-making. To rule in India, they planned to educate a small section of upper and middle classes to create a class “Indian in blood and colour but English in taste” who would act as interpreters between the Government and the masses. This was also called the “downward filtration theory”. The following steps and measures were taken by the British for the development of Education in India.
Explanation:
Answer:
The Charter Act of 1813 was the first step towards education being made an objective of the government.
The act sanctioned a sum of Rs.1 lakh towards the education of Indians in British ruled India. This act also gave an impetus to the missionaries who were given official permission to come to India.
But there was a split in the government over what kind of education was to be offered to the Indians.
The orientalists preferred Indians to be given traditional Indian education. Some others, however, wanted Indians to be educated in the western style of education and be taught western subjects.
There was also another difficulty regarding the language of instruction. Some wanted the use of Indian languages (called vernaculars) while others preferred English.
Due to these issues, the sum of money allotted was not given until 1823 when the General Committee of Public Instruction decided to impart oriental education.
In 1835, it was decided that western sciences and literature would be imparted to Indians through the medium of English by Lord William Bentinck’s government.
Bentinck had appointed Thomas Babington Macaulay as the Chairman of the General Committee of Public Instruction.
Macaulay was an ardent anglicist who had absolute contempt for Indian learning of any kind. He was supported by Reverend Alexander Duff, JR Colvin, etc.
On the side of the orientalists were James Prinsep, Henry Thomas Colebrooke, etc.
Macaulay minutes refer to his proposal of education for the Indians.
According to him:
English education should be imparted in place of traditional Indian learning because the oriental culture was ‘defective’ and ‘unholy’.
He believed in education a few upper and middle-class students.
In the course of time, education would trickle down to the masses. This was called the infiltration theory.
He wished to create a class of Indians who were Indian in colour and blood but English in taste and affiliation.
In 1835, the Elphinstone College (Bombay) and the Calcutta Medical College were established.
HOPE YOU UNDERSTOOD!!