write an assignment on the topic "Source of energy". [Explain at 3 power plant with relevant diagrams/picture]
Answers
Answer:
Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat , kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy , electrical, or other forms. Energy is the ability to do work. Energy sources could be classified as Renewable and Non-renewable.
Renewable Energy
Renewable energy is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly such as solar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass, geothermal resources, and biofuels and hydrogen.
Solar Energy
Sun is the primary source of energy. Sunlight is a clean, renewable source of energy. It is a sustainable resource, meaning it doesn't run out, but can be maintained because the sun shines almost every day. Coal or gas are not sustainable or renewable: once they are gone, there is none left. More and more people are wanting to use clean, renewable energy such as solar, wind, geothermal steam and others. It is called 'Green Power'. It lights our houses by day, dries our clothes and agricultural produce, keeps us warm and lots more. Its potential is however much larger
Advantages
It is a perennial, natural source and free
It is available in plenty
It is non-polluting
It does not emit any green house gases.
Solar energy offers in most (sunny) locations, meaning self-reliant societies.
One of the biggest advantages of solar energy is the ability to avoid the politics and price volatility that is increasingly characterized fossil fuel markets.
It doesn’t result in the destruction of forests and eco-systems that occurs with most fossil fuel operations.
Disadvantages
Dependent on change in seasons / weather – hence they may not be used always
Requires high initial investments for productive use
Solar systems doesn’t work at night directly but the battery bank, which stores energy during day-time can be used during night.
Solar electricity storage technology has not reached its potential yet.
Solar panels are bulky. This is particularly true of the higher-efficiency, traditional silicon crystalline wafer solar modules.
Technologies for productive use of solar energy
Solar energy can be used to generate electricity. Through Solar Photovoltaic () cells, solar radiation gets converted into DC electricity directly. The generated electricity can either be used as it is or can be stored in the battery. The stored electrical energy can be used when solar energy is not available. is nowadays successfully used for home and street lighting and water pumping in villages. In hilly areas, solar water heating is also being used.
Wind Energy
Wind is the natural movement of air across the land or sea. The wind when used to turn the blades of a wind mill turns the shaft to which they are attached. This movement of shaft through a pump or generator produces electricity. The Potential for wind power generation for grid interaction has been estimated at about 1,02,788 MW taking sites having wind power density greater than 200 W/sq. m at 80 m hub-height with 2% land availability in potential areas for setting up wind farms @ 9 MW/sq. km. India now has the 4th largest wind power installed capacity in the world which has reached 37756.35 (as on May, 2020). Private agencies own 95 % of the wind farms in India.
Advantages
It is environment friendly
Its freely and abundantly available
Disadvantages
High investment requirement
Wind speed is not uniform all the time which affects power generated
Biomass and Biofuels
What is biomass?
The plants fix solar energy through the process of photosynthesis to produce biomass. This biomass passes through various cycles producing different forms of energy sources. For example, fodder for animals that in turn produce dung, agricultural waste for cooking, etc. The current availability of biomass in India is estimated at about 500 million per annum, with an estimated surplus biomass availability of about 120 – 150 million metric tones per annum covering agricultural and forestry residues. This corresponds to a potential of about 18,000 MW. An additional 9200.50 power was generated through bagasse based cogeneration in the country’s Sugar mills.
Usage