Write an essay on Medieval architecture
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Two styles of temples: north and south
By the 700s AD, after the collapse of the Guptan Empire, there were two different styles of temple-building in India, a north Indian style and a south Indian style.
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The North Indian style
This temple from Osian shows the north Indian style. It has a high tower called a shikhara, and an open porch for visitors to the temple, called a mandapa. North Indian temples also had a high porch, like earlier Etruscan and Roman temples. They had flat stone roofs.
The South Indian style
In south India, about 1000 AD, the Chola king Rajaraja the Great (his name means King-king) built a very big temple to the Hindu god Shiva. South India was richer than North India, so they could build bigger buildings.
Chola empire in south India
Like the northern temples, this southern temple has a shikhara (tower). But this tower is much higher – thirteen stories high! The southern temple is also much longer than the northern one. It has several porches (mandapas) on the front instead of only one.
Like the northern temples, the southern temples also have flat stone roofs. This temple is about fifty feet high, not counting the tower. (Compare this to Romanesque churches in Europe built about the same time, or to the Fatimid mosques in Egypt.)
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