Write an essay on polavaram project in 500 words not 1000 words
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Polavaram Project is a multi-purposeirrigation project which has been accorded national project status by the central government.[2][3] This dam across theGodavari River is under construction located in West Godavari District and East Godavari District in Andhra Pradesh state and its reservoir spreads in parts of Chhattisgarh andOdisha States also.[4]
PurposeEdit

Papi Hillson both sides of Godavari
National River-Linking Project, which works under the aegis of the Indian Ministry of Water Resources, was designed to overcome the deficit in water in the country. As a part of this plan, surplus water from the Himalayan rivers is to be transferred to the peninsular rivers of India. This exercise, with a combined network of 30 river-links and a total length of 14,900 kilometres (9,300 mi) at an estimated cost of US$120 billion (in 1999), would be the largest ever infrastructure project in the world.[5] In this project's case, the Godavari river basin[6]is considered as a surplus one, while theKrishna River basin is considered to be a deficit one.[7] As of 2008, 644 tmcft of underutilised water from Godavari River flowed into the Bay of Bengal.[8] Based on the estimated water requirements in 2025, the Study recommended that sizeable surplus water was to be transferred from the Godavari River basin to the Krishna River basin.[7]
In July 1941, the first conceptual proposal for the project came from the erstwhile Madras Presidency. Later Diwan Bahadur L. Venkatakrishna Iyer, then chief engineer in the Presidency's irrigation department, made the first survey of the project site and made a definitive proposal for a reservoir at Polavaram. Sri Iyer not only visioned cultivation of 350,000 acres (140,000 ha) over two crop seasons through this project, but also planned for a 40 megawatt hydroelectricplant within the project. The entire project was estimated to cost about ₹65 million(US$970,000). The old final designs[9] of Polavaram dam was planned at full reservoir level (FRL) 208 ft MSL (Mean Sea Level) with 836 tmcft gross storage capacity and 150 MW hydroelectric plant. By 1946–47, the estimated cost rose to ₹1.29 billion. It was named the "Ramapada Sagar Project" since the backwaters of the reservoir would touch the Lord Rama temple at Bhadrachalam. In the old finalised project design by Dr. K.L. Rao, the right bank canal of Polavaram project was extended to south of Krishna River to serve irrigation needs in old Guntur district by envisaging aqueduct across the Krishna River.[10]
The project presently under construction is scaled down to FRL 150 feet (46 m) MSL. The project cost estimate in 2004 stood at₹86.21 billion.[11]
In 1980, then Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh T. Anjaiah laid the foundation stone for the project.The project is stalled till YSR Reddy in 2004 the then chief minister of AP took the project to work. YSR got the required permissions for the projects before he died.[12] for polavaram project, Site clearance was obtained from the Centre on 19 September 2005, environmental clearance on 25 October 2005, R & R clearance on 17 April 2007, wildlife sanctuary clearance on 19 Sept 2008, forest clearance on 26 Dec 26 2008 and technical advisory committee clearance on 20 January 2009. Progress of polavaram hit road block post YSR death.[13] later, Polavaram project is declared as national project through AP special re-org act in 2013.
PurposeEdit

Papi Hillson both sides of Godavari
National River-Linking Project, which works under the aegis of the Indian Ministry of Water Resources, was designed to overcome the deficit in water in the country. As a part of this plan, surplus water from the Himalayan rivers is to be transferred to the peninsular rivers of India. This exercise, with a combined network of 30 river-links and a total length of 14,900 kilometres (9,300 mi) at an estimated cost of US$120 billion (in 1999), would be the largest ever infrastructure project in the world.[5] In this project's case, the Godavari river basin[6]is considered as a surplus one, while theKrishna River basin is considered to be a deficit one.[7] As of 2008, 644 tmcft of underutilised water from Godavari River flowed into the Bay of Bengal.[8] Based on the estimated water requirements in 2025, the Study recommended that sizeable surplus water was to be transferred from the Godavari River basin to the Krishna River basin.[7]
In July 1941, the first conceptual proposal for the project came from the erstwhile Madras Presidency. Later Diwan Bahadur L. Venkatakrishna Iyer, then chief engineer in the Presidency's irrigation department, made the first survey of the project site and made a definitive proposal for a reservoir at Polavaram. Sri Iyer not only visioned cultivation of 350,000 acres (140,000 ha) over two crop seasons through this project, but also planned for a 40 megawatt hydroelectricplant within the project. The entire project was estimated to cost about ₹65 million(US$970,000). The old final designs[9] of Polavaram dam was planned at full reservoir level (FRL) 208 ft MSL (Mean Sea Level) with 836 tmcft gross storage capacity and 150 MW hydroelectric plant. By 1946–47, the estimated cost rose to ₹1.29 billion. It was named the "Ramapada Sagar Project" since the backwaters of the reservoir would touch the Lord Rama temple at Bhadrachalam. In the old finalised project design by Dr. K.L. Rao, the right bank canal of Polavaram project was extended to south of Krishna River to serve irrigation needs in old Guntur district by envisaging aqueduct across the Krishna River.[10]
The project presently under construction is scaled down to FRL 150 feet (46 m) MSL. The project cost estimate in 2004 stood at₹86.21 billion.[11]
In 1980, then Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh T. Anjaiah laid the foundation stone for the project.The project is stalled till YSR Reddy in 2004 the then chief minister of AP took the project to work. YSR got the required permissions for the projects before he died.[12] for polavaram project, Site clearance was obtained from the Centre on 19 September 2005, environmental clearance on 25 October 2005, R & R clearance on 17 April 2007, wildlife sanctuary clearance on 19 Sept 2008, forest clearance on 26 Dec 26 2008 and technical advisory committee clearance on 20 January 2009. Progress of polavaram hit road block post YSR death.[13] later, Polavaram project is declared as national project through AP special re-org act in 2013.
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Polavaram irrigation is an unconstruction project on Godavari river which is in Andhra Pradesh. It is a national project by Government of India. When it will be complete this irrigation will also spread in Chhattisgarh and Odisha. For this irrigation project it is a major tourist attraction. Also here is Paikonda National Park. It is connected with National Highway 4.
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