Write an essay on water pollution around 500 words
Answers
Answer:
Water pollution occurs when pollutants are generated due to various human activities, making their way into water bodies and natural water resources.
Toxic chemical byproducts from factories or pollutants due to human disorder get brushed away by wind and rain and pollute rivers, canals, lakes, ponds etc.
Pollutant elements are also absorbed by the soil and contaminate groundwater resources.
Waterborne disease resulting from the use of contaminated water is the leading cause of deaths and hospitalizations globally.
Even indirect intake of contaminated water can lead to serious disease like cancer.
For example, eating fish that are living in contaminated water can cause heart diseases, cancer and other serious diseases for years.
TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION:
Each type of water pollution has a different effect on water pollution due to pollutant difference. Various types of water pollution and their effects are discussed in detail below.
1. DOMESTIC EFFUSION:
The effluent containing domestic wastes is called ‘sewage water’.
Various substances are used in various daily household chores and cooking, bathing, washing and other cleaning works, which are dumped into the drains with household effluents as waste materials and eventually fall into the water bodies.
2. SEWAGE:
The term water pollution was first used in the situation of pollution caused by human sewage in the water.
If bacteria commonly found in human entrails were present in water, then that water was considered as polluted water which was considered unfit for human use.
Human excreta consists mainly of waste from domestic and public toilets. Sewage contains both organic and inorganic substances.
3. INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS:
Often, after the production process in each industry, many unusable materials are left, which is called industrial waste material.
Most of these industrial wastes or effluents mainly contain many types of acids, alkalis, salts, oils, fats etc. toxic chemical substances are present.
These all mix in water and make the water poisonous and pollute it.
Most industrial wastes are organic materials, which are decomposed by bacteria, but this process takes place at a very slow rate, which results in vulgar smell and the water of drains carrying waste materials gets polluted.
4. AGRICULTURAL EFFLUENTS:
In present times, the use of various new methods in agriculture is increasing to get more production from crops.
Due to new methods in agriculture, there has been an increase in irrigation, on the other hand, the use of chemical fertilizers, indigestible pesticides have also increased at a rapid pace.
Another cause of water pollution under agricultural effluents is the increasing use of chemical fertilizers. Most fertilizers are inorganic phosphate and nitrogen.
A condition of under nutrition arises due to excessive use of these fertilizers.
Nutrition refers to the condition resulting from excessive enrichment of water by nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate.
Water gets polluted due to an increase in the state of nutrition. The excess fertilizer added to the fields slowly flows with water and reaches the rivers, ponds and ponds.
Water with high nitrogen content especially by reaching the lake, the process of eutrophication in the lake is intensified.
As a result, algae grow rapidly in water and decomposition bacteria are produced in large numbers due to the death of algae.
In the process of decomposition of organic matter, the amount of oxygen in the water is greatly reduced, as a result, aquatic organisms are deficient and water gets polluted.
The best example of malnutrition is Dal Lake. This world-famous lake has gone through the initial stages of malnutrition and get polluted.
5. THERMAL POLLUTION:
River and pond water is used in various productive plants to prevent excessive heat effect of various reactors.
This water, which has been heated as a result of the cooling process, is then dumped into the water sources.
Such hot water increases the temperature of the water sources, thereby polluting the water.
Apart from industries, thermal pollution is also caused by steam or nuclear-powered power generating plants. Adequate natural water is used in energy plants for cooling the liquidators.
6. OILY POLLUTION:
Due to the mixing of oil and oily substances in the river and other water sources from industrial plants, oily pollution occurs.
Explanation: