Write an essay/paragraph on significant freedom fighters, their struggle, event especially Champaran Satyagrah.
Answers
Answer :
∆ The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first satyagraha movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in India and is considered a historically important rebellion in the Indian freedom struggle. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar in India, during the British colonial period. The farmers were protesting against having to grow indigo with barely any payment for it.
Explanation:
When Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915 and saw peasants in Northern India oppressed by Indigo planters, he tried to use the same methods that he had used in South Africa to organise mass uprisings by people to protest against injustice.
Champaran Satyagraha was the first popular satyagraha movement. The Champaran Satyagraha gave direction to India's youth and freedom struggle, which was tottering between moderates who prescribed Indian participation within the British colonial system, and the extremists from Bengal who advocated the use of violent methods to topple the British colonialists in India.
Under colonial-era laws, many tenant farmers were forced to grow some indigo on a portion of their land as a condition of their tenancy. This indigo was used to make dye. The Germans had invented a cheaper artificial dye so the demand for indigo fell. Some tenants paid more rent in return for being let off having to grow indigo. However, during the First World War the German dye ceased to be available and so indigo became profitable again. Thus many tenants were once again forced to grow it on a portion of their land- as was required by their lease. Naturally, this created much anger and resentment.
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1. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in India and is considered a historically important rebellion in the Indian freedom struggle.
2. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar in India, during the British colonial period.
3. The freedom fighters were involved are Mahatma Gandhi, Brajkishore Prasad, Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha Ramnavmi Prasad, Mazhar-ul-Haq and others including J. B. Kripalani & Babu Gaya Prasad Singh.
4. According to Gandhi, satyagraha has two essential constituents: Righteousness of cause- good End and purity of Weapon- good means. The End-Means continuum is the base of the Gandhian Way.
5. The health conditions of the people of Champaran were very poor. So, Gandhi got a doctor who offered his services free of cost for six months. There were only three medicines- castor oil, quinine, and sulfur ointment available.
6. The causes of the Champaran Satyagraha are rooted in two facts. Firstly, with the introduction of synthetic dye, the demand for indigo decreased which led the zamindars or planters to shred off their burden by increasing the rent burden on the peasants, which added to the existing plight of the peasants.