Question

Write anomalous properties of lithium and its reason

Answer 1

hey there

Lithium shows anomalous behavior due to the following reasons: ... Greater polarizing power of lithium ion (Li+) due to its small size which results in covalent character in its compounds. Least electropositive character and highest ionization enthalpy as compared to other alkali metals.

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Answer 2

Hey mate.

Here is your answer.

• Anomalous Properties of Lithium

1. It is more harder and lighter than other alkali metals.
2. If is not affected by air easily and does not lose its lustre even on melting.
3. It reacts slowly with water to liberate hydrogen.
4. Lithium is the only alkali metal which directly reacts with nitrogen to form Li₃N
5. Lithium hydroxide decomposes when heated to form Li₂O. Hydroxides of other alkali metals do not decompose.
6. 2 LiOH → Li₂O + H₂O
7. LiHCO₃ is known in solution but not in solid state.
8. LiHCO₃ is less stable, as it decomposes on heating.
9. LiHCO₃ → Li₂O + CO₂ + H₂O
10. LiNO₃ on heating gives a mixture of NO₂ and O₂ while nitrates of rest of alkali metals yield only oxygen.
11. 4LiNO₃ → 2Li₂O + 4NO₂ + O₂
12. 2NaNO₃ → 2NaNO₂ + O₂
13. Li₂SO₄ is the only alkali metal sulphate which does not form double salts.
14. Lithium reacts with bromine very slowly, other alkali metals react violently.
15. LiF, Li₃PO₄, Li₂C₂O₄, Li₂CO₃ are sparingly soluble in water.
16. LiCl is highly deliquescent and soluble in alcohol and pyridine.

• Lithium shows anomalous behavior due to the following reasons:

1. Extremely small size of lithium atom and its ion.
2. Greater polarizing power of lithium ion (Li+) due to its small size which results in covalent character in its compounds.
3. Least electropositive character and highest ionization enthalpy as compared to other alkali metals.

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