write any 5 properties of Alcohals
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Hey dear here is your answer!!!!!
Some properties of alcohol are :-
*They are soluble in water ...
*They have a high boiling point ...
*They are acidic in nature ....
*They are highly flammable ...
*Alcohol is termed third in polarity
Hope it helps u dear...☺️☺️☺️
Some properties of alcohol are :-
*They are soluble in water ...
*They have a high boiling point ...
*They are acidic in nature ....
*They are highly flammable ...
*Alcohol is termed third in polarity
Hope it helps u dear...☺️☺️☺️
helpme10:
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HOPE THIS HELPS UU.....
The hydrocarbon chains that attached with a hydroxyl group, OH- to a carbon atom are known as alcohols.
Alcohols can be considered derivatives of water (H2O; also written as HO
Like the H–O–H bond in water, the R–O–H bond is bent, and alcohol molecules are polar. This relationship is particularly apparent in small molecules and reflected in the physical and chemical properties of alcohols with low molar mass
Methanol, CH3OH is the most simple alcohol molecule. The category of the alcohol is classified as three groups which are primary (1˚) )alcohol, secondary (2˚) alcohols and tertiary (3˚ ) alcohol. If the alcohol bonded to one alkyl group, the alcohol is primary alcohol. The secondary alcohol is defined as the alcohol which one of the carbons is bonded to two alkyl groups and one hydrogen atom. If one of the carbons in alcohol is bonded to three alkyl groups is called tertiary alcohol.
Physical Properties
Solubility in water
Alcohols are soluble in water. This is due to the hydroxyl group in the alcohol which is able to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.As the length of the hydrocarbon chain increases, the solubility in water decreases.
The reason why the solubility decreases as the length of hydrocarbon chain increases is because it is requires more energy to overcome the hydrogen bonds between the alcohol molecules as the molecules are more tightly packed together as the size and mass increases.
Boiling point
The size of alcohol determines its boiling point. Usually, the larger the size of the alcohol, the higher the boiling point. This is because the bigger the size of the molecules, the stronger the Van der Waals force between the alcohol molecules.. So, more heat energy is needed to be absorbed in order to break down the intermolecular force between each alcohol molecules.Since alcohols are able to form hydrogen bond, their boiling points are higher than those of their parent molecules.
Flammability
The flammability of alcohols decrease as the size and mass of the molecules increases.Combustion breaks the covalent bonds of the molecules, so as the size and mass of the molecules increases, there are more covalent bonds to break in order to burn that alcohol. Hence, more energy is required to break the bonds, therefore the flammability of alcohols decrease as size and mass of molecules increases.
Chemical Properties
Combustion
Alcohols burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Alcohols burn cleanly and easily, and does not produce soot. It becomes increasingly more difficult to burn alcohols as the molecules get bigger. The general molecular equation for the reaction is:
CnH2n+1OH + (1.5n)O2 → (n+1)H2O + nCO2
Dehydration
- alcohol to alkeneDehydration of alcohols is done by heating with concentrated sulfuric acid, which acts as the dehydrating agent, at 180°C. This reaction uses alcohols to produce corresponding alkenes and water as byproduct.
The hydrocarbon chains that attached with a hydroxyl group, OH- to a carbon atom are known as alcohols.
Alcohols can be considered derivatives of water (H2O; also written as HO
Like the H–O–H bond in water, the R–O–H bond is bent, and alcohol molecules are polar. This relationship is particularly apparent in small molecules and reflected in the physical and chemical properties of alcohols with low molar mass
Methanol, CH3OH is the most simple alcohol molecule. The category of the alcohol is classified as three groups which are primary (1˚) )alcohol, secondary (2˚) alcohols and tertiary (3˚ ) alcohol. If the alcohol bonded to one alkyl group, the alcohol is primary alcohol. The secondary alcohol is defined as the alcohol which one of the carbons is bonded to two alkyl groups and one hydrogen atom. If one of the carbons in alcohol is bonded to three alkyl groups is called tertiary alcohol.
Physical Properties
Solubility in water
Alcohols are soluble in water. This is due to the hydroxyl group in the alcohol which is able to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.As the length of the hydrocarbon chain increases, the solubility in water decreases.
The reason why the solubility decreases as the length of hydrocarbon chain increases is because it is requires more energy to overcome the hydrogen bonds between the alcohol molecules as the molecules are more tightly packed together as the size and mass increases.
Boiling point
The size of alcohol determines its boiling point. Usually, the larger the size of the alcohol, the higher the boiling point. This is because the bigger the size of the molecules, the stronger the Van der Waals force between the alcohol molecules.. So, more heat energy is needed to be absorbed in order to break down the intermolecular force between each alcohol molecules.Since alcohols are able to form hydrogen bond, their boiling points are higher than those of their parent molecules.
Flammability
The flammability of alcohols decrease as the size and mass of the molecules increases.Combustion breaks the covalent bonds of the molecules, so as the size and mass of the molecules increases, there are more covalent bonds to break in order to burn that alcohol. Hence, more energy is required to break the bonds, therefore the flammability of alcohols decrease as size and mass of molecules increases.
Chemical Properties
Combustion
Alcohols burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Alcohols burn cleanly and easily, and does not produce soot. It becomes increasingly more difficult to burn alcohols as the molecules get bigger. The general molecular equation for the reaction is:
CnH2n+1OH + (1.5n)O2 → (n+1)H2O + nCO2
Dehydration
- alcohol to alkeneDehydration of alcohols is done by heating with concentrated sulfuric acid, which acts as the dehydrating agent, at 180°C. This reaction uses alcohols to produce corresponding alkenes and water as byproduct.
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