write any five kingdom of South India in short about 200 words
Answers
Introduction – History of South Indian Kingdoms
Experts believe that the history of the South Indian Kingdoms spreads over 5000 years. Southern India was considered to be undisputed in the ancient era by the invaders until the British entered this region. When historians talk about the history of South Indian Kingdoms, they will surely emphasize on three most important dynasties – Pandyan, Chola and Chera. Let’s have a look at these three dynasties in the chronological order and also understand their significant achievements.
South Indian Kingdoms – Pandyan Dynasty (Before 300 BC- 1400 AD)
Among all the South Indian Kingdoms, the History Notes for Pandyan Dynasty has got a lot of attention. They initially ruled over their country, Pandya Nadu, from a seaport called Korkai, which was on the Southern-most tip of the Indian subcontinent. Later on, they moved their headquarters to Madurai. Pandyans were famous for their contacts and diplomacy; in fact, they even had their contacts with the Roman Empire.
Marco Polo, in the 13th Century AD, mentioned that the Pandyan Dynasty was the richest empire in existence.
The Pandyas have been believed to be found five to six centuries before the birth of Christianity as their records of existence have been found in records dating back to as early as 550 BC.
The Sangam Literature’s early Pandyan Dynasty faded into oblivion with the invasion of the Kalabhras. The Pandyan Dynasty was revived under Kadungon in the early 6th century who hunted the Kalabhras out of Southern India. To gain supremacy in Southern India, the Pandyas allied with the Cheras and the Sinhalese and took on the Chola Empire.
The Pandyas of the later generations (1216–1345) set their foot in the golden era under the leadership of Maravman Sundara Pandyan and Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan.
They expanded the Pandyan Empire into Telugu country and conquered Kalinga (now called Orissa).
The Pandyas also invaded and conquered Sri Lanka.
South Indian Kingdoms – Chola Dynasty (300 BC to 1300 AD)
The headquarters of the Chola rulers was the fertile valley of the Kaveri River. From there, they ruled a significantly larger portion of land in the later part of the 9th Century till the beginning of the 13th Century. Under Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola I the Chola Dynasty flourished and became a military superpower. Its economic and cultural power was also very notable and resonated in the works of literature of South Asia and South-East Asia. The successful expedition of the Ganges by Rajendra Chola I was of great significance to the Chola Empire as it sent a very strong signal to the superpowers of the world.
During the period of 1010 to 1200 AD, the Chola Empire expanded from the islands of Maldives (in the south) to the banks of the Godavari River (in Andhra Pradesh).
Rajaraja Chola flexed his muscle by conquering peninsular South India and annexed parts of Sri Lanka and islands of Maldives.
He also sent an expedition to North India and was victorious as he defeated the Pala ruler of Pataliputra, Mahipala.
Rajaraja Chola also successfully invaded kingdoms of the Malay Archipelago.
hope it helps.