Write any main achievement of planning period.
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The following points highlight the five major achievements of economic planning in India.
Achievement # 1. Increase in National Income and Per Capita Income:
During planning period national income has increased manifold. The average annual increase in national income was registered to be 1.2 per cent from 1901 to 1947.
This increase was recorded to be 3 per cent from 1950 to 2000-01. Moreover, average annual growth rate of national income was 4 per cent in 1970-80 which, further increased to 5 per cent in 1990-2000.
The per capita income which was 254.7 at current prices in 1950-51 increased to Rs. 1741.3 in 1980-81 to Rs. 5365.3 in 1990-91 and further to Rs. 16563.5 in 2000- 01. It is expected to be Rs. 20860.0 during 2003-04.
# 2. Development in Agriculture:
Agricultural productivity has also marked an upward trend during the plan period. The production of food-grains which was 510 lakh tones in 1950-51 increased to 176.4 million tones in 1990-91 and further to 211.9 million tones in 2001-02.
Similarly, the production of cotton was 21 lakh bales in 1950-51 and it was expected to be 908 million bales in 1990-91 and further 10.0 million tones in 2001- 02. In the same, the production of sugarcane was expected to be 241.0 million tones in 1990-91 against the 69 lakh tones in 1950-51. It rose to 298.4 million tones in 2001-02.
# 3. Development of Industry:
In the first five year plan much of the capital was invested to develop the industry and defence. About fifty per cent of the total outlay of the plans was invested for their development. As a result, industrial production has increased to a great extent. For instance, the production of cotton cloth which was 4215 million sq. metres in 1950-51.
It was 31.1 million tones in 2001-02. In the same fashion, the production of sugar was recorded to be 12047 thousand tones in 1990-91 against 1100 thousand tones in 1950-51. It further rose to 15520 thousand tones in 2000-01.
Achievement # 4. Development of Transport and Communication:
During the planning period, much attention has been paid towards the development of transport and communication. In the first two plans, more than one-fourth of the total outlay was invested on the development of transport and communication.
In 1990-91, the total length of roads increased to 19.92 lakh kms which increased to 252.2 lakh kms in 1998-99. Similarly route of railway was 63.1 thousand kms in 2001-02 against 53.6 thousand km in 1950-51. The Ninth Plan outlay was 19.6%. .
Achievement # 5. Self Reliance:
During the last five decades, considerable progress seems to have been made towards the achievement of self reliance. We are no longer dependent on other countries for the supply of food-grains and a number of agricultural crops. In the same fashion, we have made substantial investment in basic and heavy industries. We are in a position to produce all varieties of basic consumer goods.
The emphasis was extended was lord on the development of basic industries like steel, power and chemical fertilizer. Similar stress was given on achieving self sufficiency in different sectors.
Achievement # 1. Increase in National Income and Per Capita Income:
During planning period national income has increased manifold. The average annual increase in national income was registered to be 1.2 per cent from 1901 to 1947.
This increase was recorded to be 3 per cent from 1950 to 2000-01. Moreover, average annual growth rate of national income was 4 per cent in 1970-80 which, further increased to 5 per cent in 1990-2000.
The per capita income which was 254.7 at current prices in 1950-51 increased to Rs. 1741.3 in 1980-81 to Rs. 5365.3 in 1990-91 and further to Rs. 16563.5 in 2000- 01. It is expected to be Rs. 20860.0 during 2003-04.
# 2. Development in Agriculture:
Agricultural productivity has also marked an upward trend during the plan period. The production of food-grains which was 510 lakh tones in 1950-51 increased to 176.4 million tones in 1990-91 and further to 211.9 million tones in 2001-02.
Similarly, the production of cotton was 21 lakh bales in 1950-51 and it was expected to be 908 million bales in 1990-91 and further 10.0 million tones in 2001- 02. In the same, the production of sugarcane was expected to be 241.0 million tones in 1990-91 against the 69 lakh tones in 1950-51. It rose to 298.4 million tones in 2001-02.
# 3. Development of Industry:
In the first five year plan much of the capital was invested to develop the industry and defence. About fifty per cent of the total outlay of the plans was invested for their development. As a result, industrial production has increased to a great extent. For instance, the production of cotton cloth which was 4215 million sq. metres in 1950-51.
It was 31.1 million tones in 2001-02. In the same fashion, the production of sugar was recorded to be 12047 thousand tones in 1990-91 against 1100 thousand tones in 1950-51. It further rose to 15520 thousand tones in 2000-01.
Achievement # 4. Development of Transport and Communication:
During the planning period, much attention has been paid towards the development of transport and communication. In the first two plans, more than one-fourth of the total outlay was invested on the development of transport and communication.
In 1990-91, the total length of roads increased to 19.92 lakh kms which increased to 252.2 lakh kms in 1998-99. Similarly route of railway was 63.1 thousand kms in 2001-02 against 53.6 thousand km in 1950-51. The Ninth Plan outlay was 19.6%. .
Achievement # 5. Self Reliance:
During the last five decades, considerable progress seems to have been made towards the achievement of self reliance. We are no longer dependent on other countries for the supply of food-grains and a number of agricultural crops. In the same fashion, we have made substantial investment in basic and heavy industries. We are in a position to produce all varieties of basic consumer goods.
The emphasis was extended was lord on the development of basic industries like steel, power and chemical fertilizer. Similar stress was given on achieving self sufficiency in different sectors.
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