write any three features of Indian Agriculture.
Answers
•Agricultural production in India depends largely on rainfall
•India stands on 2nd position is terms of rice production in the world after China.
•India is the largest producer of millet,drybean, chickpea and pulses in the world.
•It is the main source of our national income . It is the largest contributing sector to the national income of India.
•Agriculture sector provides employment to people on a large scale . It is the largest employment providing sector in India .
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Some of the outstanding features of Indian agriculture are mentioned as follows.
1. Subsistence agriculture:
Most parts of India have subsistence agriculture. The farmer owns a small piece of land, grows crops with the help of his family members and consumes almost the entire farm produce with little surplus to sell in the market.
This type of agriculture has been practised in India for the last several hundreds of years and still prevails in spite of the large scale changes in agricultural practices after Independence.
2. Pressure of population on agriculture:
The population in India is increasing at a rapid pace and exerts heavy pressure on agriculture. Agriculture has to provide employment to a large section of work force and has to feed the teeming millions. While looking into the present need of food grains, we require an additional 12-15 million hectares of land to cope with the increasing demands by 2010 A.D. Moreover, there is rising trend in urbanization.
Over one-fourth of the Indian population lived in urban areas in 2001 and it is estimated that over one-third of the total population of India would be living in urban areas by 2010 A.D. This requires more land for urban settlements which will ultimately encroach upon agricultural land. It is now estimated that about 4 lakh hectares of farm land is now being diverted to non-agricultural uses each year.
3. Importance of animals:
Animal force has always played a significant role in agricultural operations such as ploughing, irrigation, threshing and transporting the agricultural products. Complete mechanisation of Indian agriculture is still a distant goal and animals will continue to dominate the agricultural scene in India for several years to come.