Question

write any two demerits of collision theory​

Answer 1

Collision Theory:

" a chemical reaction only takes place when two reacting molecules collide with sufficient kinetic energy. "

H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

When the bond between two hydrogen atoms (H-H) or two oxygen atoms (Cl-Cl) breaks and a new bond between a hydrogen and chlorine atom develops, this is called a chemical reaction (H-Cl). The interacting molecules must have enough kinetic energy before they may collide productively. Collisions with less kinetic energy will be ineffectual and will not produce any reaction that will allow the game to continue.

Two demerits of Collision Theory are:

• The idea only applies to simple gases and, on rare occasions, solutions including simple molecules as reactive species.
• Only basic bimolecular reactions are covered by the collision theory expression (Arhenius equation). The experimental value does not match the calculated value for complex reactions.

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Answer 2

Demerits of collision theory

• According to the collision theory, “the molecules of reactants are hard spheres and the reactions are assumed to occur only when these spheres (molecules) collide with each other”.

• Hence, it was mandatory to identify the number of collisions occurring in order to form products.

• Every theory has certain limitations and drawbacks. This theory also had some of them. The following are the drawbacks of collision theory.
• This theory cannot be applied to reversible reactions with complete success.

• It does not take into account the fact that proper molecule orientation is the requirement for a chemical reaction to occur.
• Active collision does not occur due to a lack of proper orientation and therefore the experimentally observed frequency is less than determined based on the theory of collision.
• The theory of collision states that the reaction frequency is proportional to the total number of collisions per cc per second

• It does not take into account the fast reactions where reactant molecules react despite having much less energy than the activation energy.
• These reactions are described by quantum mechanics, which means the reaction happens as a result of electrons being exchanged between reactant molecules.

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