write any two methods of reducing negative impacts of monsoon
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The recent flood disaster in the Mahakali River basin of western Nepal and India’s Uttarakhand has raised several questions: What kind of climatic events led to this disaster? Could anything have been done to reduce the loss of life and property? What can we learn from this disaster for the future?
This year, an early monsoon brought along with it intense rainfall. Over 60 hours of continuous rainfall from 15 to 17 June triggered numerous landslides and disrupted normal life in parts of India and Nepal.
In the Karnali River basin, adjacent to the Mahakali basin, more than 200 mm of rain fell in 24 hours causing river water levels to rise more than 6.7 m. In Dipayal, Nepal, which adjoins the Mahakali flood disaster area, a real-time web-based telemetry monitoring station reported 80.4 mm of rain on 16 June and 221.8 mm on 17 June. NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission estimates that from 16 June to 18 June more than 300 mm of rainfall fell in the districts of Uttarkashi, Tehri and Chamoli in India.
The severity of these rainfall events led to the tragic loss of lives and property. In Darchula, Nepal, the flood swept away 77 buildings and displaced 2,500 people. More than three dozen people were killed in various districts of Nepal.
The effects were even more devastating in Uttarakhand, India where the flood occurred during the peak tourist and pilgrimage season, increasing the number of causalities, missing, and affected. Although more than 100,000 people have been rescued, up to 10,000 people are believed dead and several thousands more are missing.