Write applications of 2nd law of motion.
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Second Law of Motion: Some Practical Applications!
There’s no limits to what would have been in a world without force and acceleration. The mere relation of force with momentum, Newton’s second law of motion, establishes the ground rules for how everything, literally everything moves. Lifeless things apply force at other objects and even you! A ball bounces off the ground for it hit the ground with a momentum and the ground in turn applies force in the upward direction. The endless applications of Newton’s second law of motion make an unending list for you to explore!
Let us dive into what actually is the Newton’s second law of motion. If one is asked about the same, the most expected answer is the prompt equation F = ma, or some may also say that ‘acceleration is produced when an unbalanced force acts on an object’. Although it’s absolutely true, the above equation or the formula was not given by Newton. Newton actually provided the scientific community with an even more generalized form of the second law.
Think about the scenario when a rocket is fired and it starts moving up while continuously losing its mass as it moves up. We know that the statement and equation, as mentioned earlier, works for constant mass only. However, Newton actually gave a clever statement which states:
“The net force on an object (or system of objects) equals the rate at which the object’s momentum changes.”
Symbolically, this can be expressed as:
F = (change in momentum) / (change in time) = Δp / Δt, where p is the mathematical symbol for momentum, i.e., p=mv. When the mass remains constant, we then get the good old equation we are familiar with, i.e., F=ma.
How exactly does this play out around us? Let’s find out!
Push and pull
Think about the situation when you are pushing your bicycle versus when you are pushing your car. You require more force to be given to the car in order to move it at an equal acceleration as compared to force required to move your bicycle. Bicycle having less mass than a motor cycle accelerates at a lesser force applied on it. Alternatively, if three of your friends help you push the car, you can push the car easily as compared to you doing it alone. Hence, the mass remained the same but the increased force provided more acceleration!
Toss it away
How about trying to kick a rock as hard as possible? It probably won’t even budge. But try tossing a pebble in the water and you might just ace it! The same force produced lesser acceleration in case of a heavy mass as compared to a lighter mass.
Weigh your capacity
You must have seen a bunch of people lifting big boxes weighing 100 kgs or more. One average single person cannot even think about moving a 100 kg block, as it will require at least 10 persons. Whereas you always move around with your pencil box in your bag which weighs mere grams.
Catch the ball
Catching the ball is a very clear example which uses Newton’s second law of motion. Professional sportsmen swing their hand back once they catch the ball as it provides the ball more time to lose its speed, in turn increasing the Δt and reducing Δp / Δt. This leads to lesser force which the sportsman has to apply!
We can see here that the net force applied on an object depends upon both the mass and the acceleration required, or the rate of change of momentum required. Apart from these aforementioned examples, there are many more practical examples of Newton’s Second Law evident all around us. Just open your scientific eyes and you will see them being applied almost everywhere
There’s no limits to what would have been in a world without force and acceleration. The mere relation of force with momentum, Newton’s second law of motion, establishes the ground rules for how everything, literally everything moves. Lifeless things apply force at other objects and even you! A ball bounces off the ground for it hit the ground with a momentum and the ground in turn applies force in the upward direction. The endless applications of Newton’s second law of motion make an unending list for you to explore!
Let us dive into what actually is the Newton’s second law of motion. If one is asked about the same, the most expected answer is the prompt equation F = ma, or some may also say that ‘acceleration is produced when an unbalanced force acts on an object’. Although it’s absolutely true, the above equation or the formula was not given by Newton. Newton actually provided the scientific community with an even more generalized form of the second law.
Think about the scenario when a rocket is fired and it starts moving up while continuously losing its mass as it moves up. We know that the statement and equation, as mentioned earlier, works for constant mass only. However, Newton actually gave a clever statement which states:
“The net force on an object (or system of objects) equals the rate at which the object’s momentum changes.”
Symbolically, this can be expressed as:
F = (change in momentum) / (change in time) = Δp / Δt, where p is the mathematical symbol for momentum, i.e., p=mv. When the mass remains constant, we then get the good old equation we are familiar with, i.e., F=ma.
How exactly does this play out around us? Let’s find out!
Push and pull
Think about the situation when you are pushing your bicycle versus when you are pushing your car. You require more force to be given to the car in order to move it at an equal acceleration as compared to force required to move your bicycle. Bicycle having less mass than a motor cycle accelerates at a lesser force applied on it. Alternatively, if three of your friends help you push the car, you can push the car easily as compared to you doing it alone. Hence, the mass remained the same but the increased force provided more acceleration!
Toss it away
How about trying to kick a rock as hard as possible? It probably won’t even budge. But try tossing a pebble in the water and you might just ace it! The same force produced lesser acceleration in case of a heavy mass as compared to a lighter mass.
Weigh your capacity
You must have seen a bunch of people lifting big boxes weighing 100 kgs or more. One average single person cannot even think about moving a 100 kg block, as it will require at least 10 persons. Whereas you always move around with your pencil box in your bag which weighs mere grams.
Catch the ball
Catching the ball is a very clear example which uses Newton’s second law of motion. Professional sportsmen swing their hand back once they catch the ball as it provides the ball more time to lose its speed, in turn increasing the Δt and reducing Δp / Δt. This leads to lesser force which the sportsman has to apply!
We can see here that the net force applied on an object depends upon both the mass and the acceleration required, or the rate of change of momentum required. Apart from these aforementioned examples, there are many more practical examples of Newton’s Second Law evident all around us. Just open your scientific eyes and you will see them being applied almost everywhere
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Newton's second of three laws concerning motion states that an object with mass M subjected to a force F, will accelerate in the direction of the force with acceleration A, and the acceleration will be proportional to the force, and inversely proportional to the mass. In other terms:
A ∝ F/M (∝ is the symbol for "directly proportional to")
This leads to the more common expression:
F=ma or Force = mass * acceleration
A ∝ F/M (∝ is the symbol for "directly proportional to")
This leads to the more common expression:
F=ma or Force = mass * acceleration
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