Write briefly about 5 pastrol nomade of india
Answers
Garhwal is in the sub-mountainous range of the Himalayas in the state of Uttrakhand. The Gujjar tribe that is found in the region are pastoral nomads. The tribe was originally from the Jammu region, but they migrated south to the hills of Uttar Pradesh around the 19th century. They were looking for fresh pastures for their cattle.
Now the Gujjars roam around the hills of the Garhwal and Kumaon regions. They head up to the region of Bhabar in the winter which is covered in dry forests. Then in the summertime, they move to the meadows of the Bugyals. This cyclic movements of the tribe between seasons is a feature of many tribes of this region like the Bhotiyas, Sherpas etc.
Dhangars from Maharashtra
The Dhangars are a prominent tribal community that is found in Maharashtra. In fact, the word “dhangar” is associated with cattle wealth in Sanskrit. The dhangars are traditionally cattle herders, blanket weavers, cow and buffalo herders, butchers and even occasionally farmers.
The dhangars are in the Konkani region in the months of January to June. This is an agricultural area of Maharashtra. The framers of the area supply the dhangars with grains. Before the monsoon hits the tribe migrates to the plateaus, because heavy rainfall does not suite the cattle, especially the sheep.
Gollas Herders of Karnataka
These tribes are found in Karnataka and in Andhra Pradesh as well. They are mostly found in the dry plateau of the regions. The region is semi-arid with very little rainfall. But it is covered in shrub forests and some grass. This provides pastures for the cattle.
The Gollas only herd cattle. They practice no other occupation or do any farming as the conditions are not suitable.
Raikas of Rajasthan
These pastoral nomads live in the deserts of Rajasthan. The tribe has to groups. one is the Maru group that rear camel, and then the Raikas that herd sheep and goats. During the monsoons, the Raikas stay in their respective villages of Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur etc. Once the rainy season ends the pastures dry up. So they roam in search of newer pastures and water for their cattle.
Nomads are known as a group of communities who travel from place to place for their livelihood. Some are salt traders, fortune-tellers, conjurers, ayurvedic healers, jugglers, acrobats, actors, story tellers, snake charmers, animal doctors, tattooists, grindstone makers, or basketmakers. All told, anthropologists have identified about 5 nomadic groups in India, numbering perhaps 1 million people—around 1.2 percent of the country's billion-plus population.[1]
The nomadic communities in India can be broadly divided into three groups hunter gatherers, pastoralists and the peripatetic or non-food producing groups. Among these, peripatetic nomads are the most neglected and discriminated social group in India.[2] They have lost their livelihood niche because of drastic changes in transport, industries, production, entertainment and distribution systems.They find pastures for their herders
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