write briefly about Bohar effect and haldrane egfect and their significance.
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Answer:
The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon first described in 1904 by the Danish physiologist Christian Bohr, states that hemoglobin's oxygen binding affinity is inversely related both to acidity and to the concentration of carbon dioxide. Bohr effect works when blood nears the lungs and the carbon dioxide concentration decreases, causing an increase in pH. This increase in pH increases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen through the Bohr effect, causing hemoglobin to pick up oxygen entering the blood from the lungs so it can transport it to your tissues.
The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon first described in 1904 by the Danish physiologist Christian Bohr, states that hemoglobin's oxygen binding affinity is inversely related both to acidity and to the concentration of carbon dioxide. Bohr effect works when blood nears the lungs and the carbon dioxide concentration decreases, causing an increase in pH. This increase in pH increases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen through the Bohr effect, causing hemoglobin to pick up oxygen entering the blood from the lungs so it can transport it to your tissues. The Haldane effect is a property of hemoglobin first described by John Scott Haldane. Oxygenation of blood in the lungs displaces carbon dioxide from hemoglobin which increases the removal of carbon dioxide. This property is the Haldane effect. Conversely, oxygenated blood has a reduced affinity for carbon dioxide.
Answer:
Bohr effect
The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon first described in 1904 by the Danish physiologist Christian Bohr. Hemoglobin's oxygen binding affinity (see oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve) is inversely related both to acidity and to the concentration of carbon dioxide.[1] That is, the Bohr effect refers to the shift in the oxygen dissociation curve caused by changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide or the pH of the environment. Since carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, an increase in CO2 results in a decrease in blood pH,[2] resulting in hemoglobin proteins releasing their load of oxygen. Conversely, a decrease in carbon dioxide provokes an increase in pH, which results in hemoglobin picking up more oxygen.
Haldane effect
The Haldane effect is a property of hemoglobin first described by John Scott Haldane. Oxygenation of blood in the lungs displaces carbon dioxide from hemoglobin which increases the removal of carbon dioxide. This property is the Haldane effect. Consequently, oxygenated blood has a reduced affinity for carbon dioxide. Thus, the Haldane effect describes the ability of hemoglobin to carry increased amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the deoxygenated state as opposed to the oxygenated state. A high concentration of CO2 facilitates dissociation of oxyhemoglobin.