Question

write Capillary Action​

Answer 1

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A tube having a very fine bore ( ~ 1 mm) and open at both ends is called a capillary tube. If one end of a capillary tube is dipped in a liquid which partially or completely wets the surface of the capillary (like water in glass) the level of liquid in the capillary rises. On the other hand, if the capillary tube is dipped in a liquid which does not wet its surface (like mercury in glass) the level of liquid in the capillary drops.

The phenomenon of rise or fall of a liquid inside a capillary tube when it is dipped in the liquid is called capillarity. Capillarity is in action when,

• Oil rises up the wick of a lamp.

• Cloth rag sucks water.

• Water rises up the crevices in rocks.

• Sap and water rise up to the top most leaves in a tree.

• Blotting paper absorbs ink.

When a capillary is dipped in a liquid, two effects can be observed, a) The liquid level can rise in the capillary (water in a glass capillary), or b) The liquid level can fall in the capillary (mercury in glass capillary). Here we discuss a qualitative argument to explain the capillary fall.

Answer 2

Answer:

Capillary Action :

Capillary action is the resultant of intermolecular attraction between the molecules of water and the adhesive force in between the walls of the capillary and the liquid.

Applications of Capillarity :

1) Lubricating oil spread easily on all parts because of their low surface tension.

2) Cotton dresses are preferred in summer because cotton dresses have fine pores which act as capillaries for sweat.

3) Dirt get removed when detergents are added while washing clothes because surface tension of water is reduced.

4) The absorption of ink by a blotting paper is due to capillary action, as the blotting paper is porous. When it is placed over the ink, the ink raises into the pores. Also rise of oil in the wick of a lamp is due to capillary action.

5) If one end of a towel is dipped into a bucket of water and the other end hangs over the bucket, the entire towel soon becomes wet due to capillary action.

6) The supply of water to the leaves at the top of even a tall tree is through capillary rise.

7) A fabric can be waterproof, by adding suitable waterproofing materials to the fabric. This addition increases the angle of contact, thereby making the fabric waterproof.

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