Question

Write characteristics of trypanosoma gambiense.​

Answer 1

Characteristics of trypanosoma gambiense are as follows:-

1. It is the polymorphic protozoa.

2. It comes in class of mastigophora or flagellata.

3. It causes sleeping sickness.

4. It is the type of digenetic parasite.

5. Sleeping sickness is also known as African trypanosomiasis.

6. It is the carrier of tse tse fly.

7. Tse tse fly is also known as glossina.

8. Tse tse fly causes vector borne disease in us.

9. Scientific name is Trypanosoma brucei.

10. It is seen only and only in sub Saharan Africa.

Answer 2

The life cycle of various Trypanosoma species involves the transmission of the parasite from one host to another.

According to studies, there are three main modes of transmission, these include:

• Cyclical transmission - In the cyclical mode of transmission, the parasite is transmitted by infected tsetse flies. Here, the parasite undergoes development in the insect before being transmitted when the fly is feeding (through saliva). This allows the cycle to continue from infected hosts to infected tsetse flies.

• Mechanical transmission - In this mode of transmission, the parasite is transmitted by a number of biting flies including tsetse flies. According to studies, stomoxes and tabanids are the main biting flies involved in the transmission of the parasites.As compared to cyclical transmission, this type of transmission has also been shown to continue in new hosts within a group of animals. As a result, the parasite can still spread to other areas where a given vector may have been completely eliminated.

• Per-orale and vertical transmission - In per-orale transmission, transmission of the parasite is as a result of ingesting contaminated fluids. For instance, when a calf ingests contaminated fluids, an infection is likely to take place. Vertical transmission, on the other hand, may occur during pregnancy or shortly after birth (parent to offspring transmission).