write detail answer. Classify carbon
Answers
One of the important properties of carbon is its tetravalency. Carbon is a strict octet follower, which means it needs a maximum of 8 electrons to form stable compounds. Since a carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, it can form up to 4 bonds with different elements. Part of the reason why there are millions of compounds of carbon is its possibility of forming very stable bonds with another carbon atom.
A carbon atom in an organic compound is labeled or classified based on the number of bonds and type of atoms attached to it. In this post, we will specifically focus on the classification of carbon based on the number of other carbon atoms attached to it.
Carbon can be classified as primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary depending on the number of carbon atoms it is bonded to. This classification only applies to saturated carbons. The classifications are as follow:
Primary Carbon (1°) – Carbon attached to one other carbon
Secondary Carbon (2°) – Carbon attached to two other carbons
Tertiary Carbon (3°) – Carbon attached to three other carbons
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Classification: Carbon is a nonmetal
Color: black (graphite), transparent (diamond)
Atomic weight: 12.011
State: solid
Melting point: 3550 oC, 3823 K
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