write down a short note on Gandhara
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Filters. An ancient kingdom that occupied parts of present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.Gandhara Style has naturalism in body form, drapery, and pictorial scale. The male figures are shown with musculature, drapery with sharp flowing folds,wavy curled hair and sharp features. The extended ears are merely due to the downward thrust of the heavy ear-rings worn by a prince or magnate.A unique style of Buddhist sculpture called Gandhara art developed in ancient times in the Gandhara region of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now northwestern Pakistan. ... This school of art evolved a distinct type of Buddha statue and was also rich in relief sculptures depicting Buddhist myth and legend.
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Gandhara is the ancient name of a region in northwest Pakistan bounded on the west by the Hindu Kush mountain range and to the north by the foothills of the Himalayas. In 330 B.C., Alexander the Great conquered this region and, together with the Indo-Greek kings that succeeded him, introduced classical traditions that became an important part of Gandhara’s artistic vocabulary over the next seven centuries. This contact resulted in the establishment of overland trade routes through the Parthian empire and Indo-Greek cities like Ai-Khanoum in northern Afghanistan. Starting about 50 B.C., this trade dramatically increased with the introduction of ocean routes employing monsoon winds to cross the Arabian Sea. These sea routes supplied an expanding overland trade network that passed through Gandhara and continued on to Central Asia and China. Gandharan control of the high mountain passes vital to this international commerce made the region wealthy; the resulting cosmopolitan elites became some of the most powerful Buddhist patrons in all of South Asia.