Write down a short note on the condition that favoured the British expansion in India.
Answers
Explanation:
The British Raj was the rule by the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent from 1858 to 1947. The rule is also called Crown rule in India
The British first established trading posts in India to purchase spices that were much in demand in Britain and Europe. They initially came to trade with India, not to conquer it. Trade with India was controlled by a British joint-stock company, The East India Company, that was first created in 1600.
Explanation:
The British Raj (/rɑːdʒ/; from rāj, literally, "rule" in Sanskrit and Hindustani)[2] was the rule by the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent from 1858 to 1947.[3][4][5][6] The rule is also called Crown rule in India,[7] or direct rule in India.[8] The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage, and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British tutelage or paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially.[9]
India
1858–1947
1909 map of India, showing British India in two shades of pink and the princely states in yellow
1909 map of India, showing British India in two shades of pink and the princely states in yellow
Status
Imperial political structure (comprising British India, a quasi-federation of presidencies and provinces directly governed by the British Crown through the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, Princely States, governed by Indian rulers, under the suzerainty of The British Crown exercised through the Viceroy of India)[1]
Capital
Calcutta
(1858–1911)
New Delhi
(1911–1947)
Simla (summer capital)
(1864–1947)
Common languages
English (Official language)
Regional Languages:
Hindustani
Bengali
Assamese
Marathi
Punjabi
Pashto
Tamil
Telugu
Other Languages:
Various South Asian languages
Religion
Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism
Government
British Colonial Government
Monarch of the United Kingdom and Emperor/Empress[a]
• 1858–1901
Victoria
• 1901–1910
Edward VII
• 1910–1936
George V
• 1936
Edward VIII
• 1936–1947
George VI
Viceroy[b]
• 1858–1862 (first)
Charles Canning
• 1947 (last)
Louis Mountbatten
Secretary of State
• 1858–1859 (first)
Edward Stanley
• 1947 (last)
William Hare
Legislature
Imperial Legislative Council
History
• Battle of Plassey & Indian Rebellion
23 June 1757 and 10 May 1857
• Government of India Act
2 August 1858
• Indian Independence Act
18 July 1947
• Partition of India
14 and 15 August 1947
Currency
Indian rupee
Preceded by Succeeded by
1858:
Company rule in India
Mughal Empire
1893:
Emirate of Afghanistan
1937:
Colony of Burma
1947:
Dominion of India
Dominion of Pakistan
The title of Emperor/Empress of India existed from 1876 to 1948.
The full title was "Viceroy and Governor-General of India".
Colonial India
British Indian Empire
Imperial entities of India
Dutch India
1605–1825
Danish India
1620–1869
French India
1668–1954
Portuguese India
(1505–1961)
Casa da Índia
1434–1833
Portuguese East India Company
1628–1633
British India
(1612–1947)
East India Company
1612–1757
Company rule in India
1757–1858
British Raj
1858–1947
British rule in Burma
1824–1948
Princely states
1721–1949
Partition of India
1947
vte
Formally, India was not a colony but a separate realm sharing a Monarch (the King-Emperor or Queen-Empress) with Britain. Thus, though ruled by a British Viceroy, "India" was a founding member of the League of Nations, a participating nation in the Summer Olympics in 1900, 1920, 1928, 1932, and 1936, and a founding member of the United Nations in San Francisco in 1945.[10] In both World Wars, Britain's declaring war on Germany did not automatically apply to India and a separate declaration of war by India was needed. And the Indian Army was a completely distinct armed force - British-commanded but separate from the British Army and with its own chain of command.
This system of governance was instituted on 28 June 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria[11] (who, in 1876, was proclaimed Empress of India). It lasted until 1947, when it was partitioned into two sovereign dominion states: the Dominion of India (later the Republic of India) and the Dominion of Pakistan (later the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the eastern part of which, still later, became the People's Republic of Bangladesh in 1971). At the inception of the Raj in 1858, Lower Burma was already a part of British India; Upper Burma was added in 1886, and the resulting union, Burma (Myanmar), was administered as an autonomous province until 1937, when it became a separate British colony, gaining its own independence in 1948.