Question

write down composition of matter​

Answer 1

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Write down the composition of matter.

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Anything which occupies space and has mass can be defined as matter. Matter is composed of tiny particles known as atoms.

Answer 2

Answer:

The matter around us exists basically in three states, solid, liquid, and gas.

Solid state: the Solid state is character sized by definite shape, distinct boundaries, and fixed volume (negligible compressibility). Solids have a tendency to maintain the shape even if subjected to an external force. On applying force beyond their tolerance limit, a solid break down but tend to retain its shape that is rigidness. The intermolecular force of attraction between solid is strongest.

Liquid: They have fixed volume but no fixed shape. They take up the shape of the container in which they are put. Liquids flow and change shape, so they are not rigid but can be called a fluid. The intermolecular force of attraction between liquids is lesser than solids.

Liquids display diffusion: Liquids display a property which helps them in mixing with other solids and gases. Other particles get into the space between the particles of liquids and intermix.

Gases: Gases are highly compressible as compare to solids and liquids. The rate of diffusion is much faster in gases as to liquids. (How do you get attracted to kitchen, when something nice is being cooked), it’s possible due to diffusion. Gases have no definite shape or size. They occupy the space available to them. Force of attraction is least in gases. In the gaseous state, the particles move along randomly at high speed. Due to this high speed, the particles hit each other and also the walls of the container.

Solids to liquids: On increasing the temperature of solids, the kinetic energy of the particles increases. Due to increase in kinetic energy, the particles start vibrating with greater speed. The energy supplied by heat overcomes the force of attraction between the particles. The particles leave their fixed positions and start moving more freely. A stage reaches when the solid melts to become a liquid.

Melting point: The temperature at which the solid is converted to liquid is called its melting point. The stronger the force of attraction between molecules, higher is the melting point of solid.

Latent Heat: When the solid is being converted to liquid or liquid is being converted to gas, Heat supplied is not able to increase the temperature of either solid or liquid, this heat is known as latent heat. The latent heat is required to overcome the force of attraction between particles.

a) Latent heat of fusion: Heat supplied when solid is converted to liquid.

b) Latent heat of vaporisation: Heat supplied when liquid is converted to gas.

Specific heat: Heat required increasing the temperature of either solid, liquid or gas is defined as specific heat.

Liquids to gases: When liquid is converted to gas on supplying heat, the process is known as evaporation.

Gases to liquids: When gas is cooled, it gets converted to liquid and the process is known as condensation.

Liquids to solids: If a liquid is cooled further, it gets converted to solid and the process is known as freezing.