Question

Write down lens maker formula and explain the terms used

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Lens Maker Formula Derivation

Assumptions

The following assumptions are taken for the derivation of lens maker formula.

Let us consider the thin lens shown in the image above with 2 refracting surfaces having the radii of curvatures R1 and R2 respectively.

Let the refractive indices of the surrounding medium and the lens material be n1 and n2 respectively.

Derivation

The complete derivation of lens maker formula is described below. Using the formula for refraction at a single spherical surface we can say that,

For the first surface,

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

For the second surface,

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

Now adding equation (1) and (2),

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

When u = ∞ and v = f

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

But also,

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

Therefore we can say that,

Derivation Of Lens Maker Formula

Where μ is the refractive index of the material.

This is the lens maker formula derivation. Check the limitations of the lens maker’s formula to understand the lens maker formula derivation is a better way.

Limitations of the lens maker’s formula

The lens should not be thick so that the space between the 2 refracting surfaces can be small.

The medium used on both sides of the lens should always be same.