Write down the control sequence for move (r1),r2.
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showingProcessing unit & I/O Organization
This chapter covers basic characteristics of uni-processor. It discusses the CPU structure, data movement within a CPU chip, I/O organisation interfacing with external world. The differences between single bus CPU and dual-bus CPU will be presented. The control gates within a CPU can be controlled by either a hardwired control unit or Microprogrammed Control unit. The former control unit is static and cannot be programmable by ordinary users. The design in CPU is then followed to take the heat dissipation as one of the factors. That is why for high speed CPU chip, an internal FAN is used to remove the heat generated. Another factor to take into account is the CPU size when the number of buses increases as the CPU power increases. On completion of this chapter, students should understand
Single and Two bus structureDifferent Control Units - hardwired and programmableDifferent I/O methods and CPU chip design
Terminology
Term
Description
ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit
MAR
Memory Address Register
MDR
Memory Data Register
Memory mapped I/O
Treat Input/Output device as a memory location and uses the equivalent command to execute data movement.
PC
Programme Counter used to keep track the location of programme
PDP11
Manufactured by Digital Computer, very old computer model
[R1]
Content of Register 1
R2 <- [R1]
Transfer of data in R1 to R2
Virtual Memory
An operating system, which uses limited memory storage to execute a programme that is larger than the working memory. Win3.1, Win95, Win98 and Unix uses this approach.
Z
Output Register
The processing Unit
Figure is a flowchart showing the steps required to generate an executable machine codes from a high-level language. Computer executes each individual machine instruction by carrying out a sequence of operations. The organization and operation of the different building blocks that comprise the computer hardware and the control sequence for instruction execution is shown in Figure . It is a single-bus organization of data paths inside the CPU. The rudimentary (rudimentary means basic) operations performed by the CPU are:
This chapter covers basic characteristics of uni-processor. It discusses the CPU structure, data movement within a CPU chip, I/O organisation interfacing with external world. The differences between single bus CPU and dual-bus CPU will be presented. The control gates within a CPU can be controlled by either a hardwired control unit or Microprogrammed Control unit. The former control unit is static and cannot be programmable by ordinary users. The design in CPU is then followed to take the heat dissipation as one of the factors. That is why for high speed CPU chip, an internal FAN is used to remove the heat generated. Another factor to take into account is the CPU size when the number of buses increases as the CPU power increases. On completion of this chapter, students should understand
Single and Two bus structureDifferent Control Units - hardwired and programmableDifferent I/O methods and CPU chip design
Terminology
Term
Description
ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit
MAR
Memory Address Register
MDR
Memory Data Register
Memory mapped I/O
Treat Input/Output device as a memory location and uses the equivalent command to execute data movement.
PC
Programme Counter used to keep track the location of programme
PDP11
Manufactured by Digital Computer, very old computer model
[R1]
Content of Register 1
R2 <- [R1]
Transfer of data in R1 to R2
Virtual Memory
An operating system, which uses limited memory storage to execute a programme that is larger than the working memory. Win3.1, Win95, Win98 and Unix uses this approach.
Z
Output Register
The processing Unit
Figure is a flowchart showing the steps required to generate an executable machine codes from a high-level language. Computer executes each individual machine instruction by carrying out a sequence of operations. The organization and operation of the different building blocks that comprise the computer hardware and the control sequence for instruction execution is shown in Figure . It is a single-bus organization of data paths inside the CPU. The rudimentary (rudimentary means basic) operations performed by the CPU are:
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