write five characteristics of solid based on kinetic molecular theory of matter
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Solid
Liquid
Gas
Particles
Atoms or molecules
Atoms or molecules
Atoms or molecules
Energy and movement of particles
Low energy - particles vibrate around a fixed point.
Particles have more energy than in the solid phase but less than in the gas phase.
Particles have high energy and are constantly moving.
Spaces between particles
Very little space between particles. Particles are tightly packed together.
Bigger spaces than in solids but smaller than in gases.
Large spaces because of high energy.
Attractive forces between particles.
Very strong forces. Solids have a fixed volume.
Weaker forces than in solids, but stronger forces than in gases.
Weak forces because of the large distance between particles.
Changes in phase.
Solids become liquids or gases if their temperature is increased.
A liquid becomes a gas if its temperature is increased. A liquid becomes a solid if its temperature decreases.
In general a gas becomes a liquid or solid when it is cooled. Particles have less energy and therefore move closer together so that the attractive forces become stronger, and the gas becomes a liquid or a solid