write five factors that affect rate of chemical reaction...
Answers
Answer :-
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The rate of a chemical reaction is affected by several factors like:
1) Concentration of reactants
2) Pressure
3) Temperature
4) Catalyst
5) Nature of reactants
6) Orientation of reacting species
7) Surface area
8) Intensity of light
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CONCENTRATION OF REACTANTS
CONCENTRATION OF REACTANTSRate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of reactants.
PRESSURE
PRESSUREThe partial pressure is another way of expressing the concentration for gases. The number of collisions increases with increase in the partial pressures of gases. Hence the rate of reactions involving gaseous reactants increases with increase in partial pressures. However it has no effect on reactions involving reactants in liquid or solid phases.
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATUREThe average kinetic energy increases with increase in absolute temperature. Hence the number of molecules with energy greater than the threshold energy also increases.As a result, the number of effective collisions between reactant molecules also increases. Therefore, usually it is observed that the rate of reaction increases with increase in temperature.
CATALYST
CATALYSTCatalyst is a substance which alters the rate of a reaction without being consumed or without undergoing any chemical change during the reaction.
NATURE OF REACTANTS
NATURE OF REACTANTSRate of a reaction depends on the nature of bonding in the reactants. Usually the ionic compounds react faster than covalent compounds.
ORIENTATION OF REACTING SPECIES
ORIENTATION OF REACTING SPECIES The reaction between the reactants occurs only when they collide in correct orientation in space. Greater the probability of collisions between the reactants with proper orientation, greater is the rate of reaction.
SURFACE AREA
SURFACE AREAThe rate of a reaction increases with increase in the surface area of solid reactant, if any used. The surface of a solid can be increased by grinding it to a fine powder.
INTENSITY OF LIGHT
INTENSITY OF LIGHTThe rate of some photochemical reactions, which occur in presence of light, increases with increase in the intensity of suitable light used. With increase in the intensity, the number of photons in light also increases. Hence more number of reactant molecules get energy by absorbing more number of photons and undergo chemical change.
NATURE OF SOLVENTs
The solvents are used to dissolve the reactants and while doing so they help in providing more interactive surface between reactant molecules which may be otherwise in different phases or strongly bonded in solid phase.
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Factors That Affect Rate
- Reactant concentration. Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. ...
- Physical state of the reactants and surface area. ...
- Temperature. ...
- Presence of a catalyst.