Question

Write formula for refraction of light for single spherical
surface​

Answer 1

Types of Lenses

Convex or Convergent Lenses

Concave or Divergent Lenses

A lens is a part of a transparent thick glass which is bounded by two spherical surfaces. It is an optical device through which the rays of light converge or diverge before transmitting. Thus spherical lenses are of two major kinds called Convex or Convergent lenses and Concave or Divergent lenses. The point from which these rays converge or appear to diverge is called the Focus or Focal point.

Convex or Convergent Lenses

A convex lens is thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges. A convex lens is also known as a “biconvex lens” because of two spherical surfaces bulging outwards.

Concave or Divergent Lenses

A concave lens is thicker at the edges and thinner in the middle. A concave lens is also known as a “biconcave lens” because of two spherical surfaces bulging inwards

Ray diagrams for image formation by lenses

Lens Formula

Lens formula relates the image distance (v), object distance(u) and the focal length (f) of the lens.

1

v

–

1

u

=

1

f

Question For You

Q1. A fish sees the smiling face of a scuba diver through a bubble of air between them, as shown. Compared to the face of the diver, the image seen by the fish will be:

small and erect

smaller and inverted

larger and erect

larger and inverted

Answer: A. The image will be smaller and erect since the air bubble act as a concave lens which always forms smaller and erect images.

Answer 2

Answer:

There is an object O and a ray of light from the object O is incident on the spherical mirror. Since it is moving from a rarer medium to a denser medium, the ray bends towards the normal.

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