Write general characteristics of acids and bases. Write about types of indicators (a) What is the action of red litmus on (i) dry ammonia gas (ii) solution of ammonia gas in water
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Turns blue
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The general characteristics of acids and bases are as follows:
- Acids act as electron acceptors and bases as electron donors.
- Acids are sour while bases are bitter in flavor.
- Acids have oily consistency while bases are soapy to touch.
- HCl is an acid while NaOH is a base.
(a) The action of red litmus is given below:
(i) Dry Ammonia Gas: The red litmus will not change its color and no action will be seen because dry NH₃ gas is neutral as it cannot dissociate into ions.
(ii) Solution of Ammonia gas in water: In presence of water, NH₃ reacts with H₂O to form NH₄OH. Ammonium hydroxide is basic in nature as it releases OH⁻ ions. So red litmus turns blue.
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