Write Gribbs phase rule for non- reactive system
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Gibbs Phase Rule for Reactive Systems
It is useful to recap the origins of Gibbs Phase Rule in order to see how the existence of reactions impacts the overall number of degrees of freedom available.
Recall that, we get adjustable intensive variables from (that is, we can independently set values for each of these intensive variables):
T and P (the state postulate says we only get two
N−1 compositions (since for a mixture ixi=1 must also be satisfied) for each phase (), so we can fix (N−1) compositions
Total: 2+(N−1)
We then have Thermodynamic relations that relate these intensive variables (that is, they reduce our degrees of freedom):
For multi-phase systems (with phases), we have (−1) equilibrium relations fi=fi for each of the N components i (for example for a 2 component, 2 phase system that satisfies Raoult's Law, we can write both x1P1sat=y1Ptot and x2P2sat=y2Ptot)
Total: (−1)N