Question

Write how parasite have evolved with adaptation to co-exist with their hosts in an ecosystem

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Parasitic adaptation in animals:

Host–parasite co-evolution is a special case of co-evolution. it is defined as the reciprocal adaptive genetic change of two antagonists (e.g. different species or genes) through reciprocal selective pressures. Hosts and parasites exert reciprocal selective pressures on each other, which may lead to rapid reciprocal adaptation. In the particular case of host–parasite coevolution the antagonists are different species of host and parasite.

If the host evolves a special mechanism for rejecting or resisting the parasite, then the parasite has to (simultaneously) evolve i..e, co-evolve the mechanism to counteract and neutralise them.

Parasitic adaptation in animals:

(i) Loss of (unnecessary) sense organs in animals

(ii) Presence of adhesive organs

(iii) Loss of digestive system

(iv) High reproductive capacity

(v) Resemblance of eggs in the case of brood parasitism

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