Question

Write important feature of thallophyta?

Answer 1

aloha user!! 

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important features of thallophyta are:

★ reproduction in thallophyta takes place through spores.
★ they are usually found in moist and wet areas.
★ they are autotrophs.
★ They have a cellulose cell wall around their cells.


i know this is a question of 1 mark.
if you want to read about it in detail please keep reading.


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what are they?

these belong to kingdom plantae and are simple plants.
these do not have:

☆ leaves
☆ stems
☆ roots

these include:

ミ algae

ミ bacteria

ミ lichens

ミ fungi

these are having two subdivisions:

✿ algae

✿ fungi

=> they are having hidden reproductive system so they are also known as cryptogamae. 


now ALGAE:

✿  this term was given by linneaus. 
✿  study of algae --> phycology
✿  father of phycology ---> fritsch
✿  algae is found in marine, brackish and fresh water.
✿ it is surrounded by a mucilaginous layer. ( protection in adverse conditions )
✿ cell wall of algae is made up of cellulose, pectin, galactin and mannas.

Reproduction in algae:

- vegetative reproduction 

ﾐ binary fission => all unicellular algae

ﾐ fragmentation => filamentous algae

- asexual reproduction: formation of spores such as:

ﾐ zoospore

ﾐ hypnospore

ﾐ  aplanospore

ﾐ  akinetes 

note:  hypnospore and akinetes help in perennation i.e protection in adverse conditions.

- sexual reproduction: 

ﾐ isogamous => fusing gametes are morphologically similar.
examples- claymydomonas and spirogyra.

ﾐ anisogamous => fusing gametes are morphologically dissimilar.
example- claymydomonas

ﾐ oogamous- fusion of male small and motile gamete and female large and non-motile gamete.
example- chlaymydomonas, coccifera et cetera.

Fungi: 

✿ they are eukaryotic organisms.
✿ they include:

⋅ yeasts
⋅ moulds
⋅ mushrooms

✿ they are different from kingdom plantae and kinglom animalia.
✿ they are heterotrophs.


reproduction:

vegetative:

ミ budding

ミ fragmentation

ミ fission

asexual:

ミ sporangiospore 

ミ conidia

sexual reproduction:

( these are three stages )

ミ plasmogamy

ミ karyogamy

ミ meiosis 


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hope it helps :^)

Answer 2

Characteristics of Thallophyta :

• Do not have well differentiated body .

• They are having thalloids i.e. root and stem .

• Vascular system is absent i.e. conducting tissues are absent.

• They are aquatic plants.

• Spores are present.

• Example - Ulva , Chara , Spirogyra etc.