Write in brief about the working of DNS to map between hostname and IP address.
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Answer:
DNS Servers and IP Addresses
You just learned that the primary job of a domain name server, or DNS server, is to resolve (translate) a domain name into an IP address. That sounds like a simple task, and it would be, except for the following points:
There are billions of IP addresses currently in use, and most machines have a human-readable name as well.
DNS servers (cumulatively) are processing billions of requests across the internet at any given time.
Millions of people are adding and changing domain names and IP addresses each day.
With so much to handle, DNS servers rely on network efficiency and internet protocols. Part of the IP's effectiveness is that each machine on a network has a unique IP address in both the IPV4 and IPV6 standards managed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Here are some ways to recognize an IP address.