Write in detail about the role of azad hind fauj in achieving freedom for india
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It was a part of a political movement originating in the 1940s outside Indiawith the purpose of allying with the Axis powers to free India from British Rule. It was established by Indian nationalists-in-exile during the latter part of the Second World War in Singapore with monetary, military and political assistance from Imperial Japan.[4]Founded on 21 October 1943, the government was inspired by the concepts of Subhas Chandra Bose who was also the leader of the government and the Head of State of this Provisional Indian Government-in-exile. The government proclaimed authority over Indian civilian and military personnel in Southeast Asian British colonial territory and prospective authority over Indian territory to fall to the Japanese forces and the Indian National Army during the Japanese thrust towards India during the Second World War. The government of Azad Hind had its own currency, court and civil code, and in the eyes of some Indians its existence gave a greater legitimacy to the independence struggle against the British.[5][6][7]
However, while it possessed all the nominal requisites of a legitimate government, it lacked large and definite areas of sovereign territory until Japan gave it nominal authority of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in 1943 and the occupation of parts of Manipurand Nagaland. Japanese officials made all the decisions, and throughout its existence it was entirely dependent on Japanese support.[8]
Immediately after the formation of the government-in-exile, Azad Hind declared war against the Anglo-American allied forces on the Indo-Burma Front.[9] Its army, the "Azad Hind Fauj" (Indian National Army or the INA), went into action against the British Indian Army and the allied forces as part of the Imperial Japanese Army in the Imphal-Kohima sector. The INA had its first major engagement at the Battle of Imphal where, under the command of the Japanese Fifteenth Army, it breached the British defences in Kohima, reaching the salient of Moirangbefore suffering a catastrophic defeat as the Allied forces held, and Allied air dominance and compromised supply lines forced both the Japanese and the INA to retreat.[10]
However, while it possessed all the nominal requisites of a legitimate government, it lacked large and definite areas of sovereign territory until Japan gave it nominal authority of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in 1943 and the occupation of parts of Manipurand Nagaland. Japanese officials made all the decisions, and throughout its existence it was entirely dependent on Japanese support.[8]
Immediately after the formation of the government-in-exile, Azad Hind declared war against the Anglo-American allied forces on the Indo-Burma Front.[9] Its army, the "Azad Hind Fauj" (Indian National Army or the INA), went into action against the British Indian Army and the allied forces as part of the Imperial Japanese Army in the Imphal-Kohima sector. The INA had its first major engagement at the Battle of Imphal where, under the command of the Japanese Fifteenth Army, it breached the British defences in Kohima, reaching the salient of Moirangbefore suffering a catastrophic defeat as the Allied forces held, and Allied air dominance and compromised supply lines forced both the Japanese and the INA to retreat.[10]
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The role of Azad hind fauj:
- It was part of the freedom activities that originated outside India in the 1940s with the aim of combining with Axis powers to liberate India from British rule.
- The reality of the Azad Hind government gave the fight for independence against the British a greater legitimacy. Apparently, the role of Azad Hind Fauj or the Indian National Army (INA) was crucial in giving India's fight for independence a much-needed impetus.
- The first INA trial, held in public, became a reassembling point for the independence movement from the autumn of 1945 onwards. The freeing of INA inmates and the cessation of courts became the dominant political movement, replacing the independence campaign.
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