write information on any 5 diseases
Answers
Answer:
Hepatitis B
According to current statistics, hepatitis B is the most common infectious disease in the world, affecting some 2 billion people -- that's more than one-quarter of the world's population. This disease, which is characterized by an inflammation of the liver that leads to jaundice, nausea, and fatigue, can lead to long-term complications such as cirrhosis of the liver or even liver cancer. The concern is primarily for those who carry the chronic form of the disease, which is estimated to be about 350 million people.
Malaria
Malaria, a mosquito-borne disease that tends to affect children the most in tropical and subtropical climates, affects more than 500 million people annually and results in anywhere between 1 million and 3 million deaths. Behind hepatitis B, it appears to be the second most-common infectious disease, and it certainly is one of the most deadly on an annual basis.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is a less common and less severe form of hepatitis, but it almost always develops into a chronic, not acute, condition, unlike hepatitis B. Although only 3 million to 4 million new cases are reported each year, some 180 million people worldwide suffer from this chronic condition, which can lead to liver cancer or cirrhosis of the liver over time.
Dengue
It's at times like these that we curse mosquitoes, because a very specific type of mosquito (Aedes aegypti) is responsible for the transmission of dengue to approximately 50 million people each year. Dengue is most common in Africa and Asia and thankfully occurs in only mild to moderate forms, which can cause high fever, severe headaches, and joint and muscle pain, but rarely leads to the death of the infected patient.
Tuberculosis
As I mentioned previously, estimating new and ongoing cases for some of these diseases can be downright difficult, and perhaps none more so than tuberculosis. TB is caused by a bacteria found in the lungs that can cause chest pain and a bad cough, as well as lead to a number of other nasty side effects. According to WHO, it's also the second-leading global killer behind AIDS as a single infectious agent.
Answer:
Explanation: dengue-Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that causes flu-like illness. Symptoms start to appear after three to fourteen days of infection. The signs and symptoms include joint and muscle pain, headache, high fever, skin rashes, nausea, and vomiting. In some cases, this disease may lead to a life-threatening fever, which is also referred to as dengue hemorrhagic fever. This may result in bleeding, leakage of blood plasma, fall in blood platelets and sometimes extremely low blood pressure.According to WHO, “Dengue is fast emerging pandemic-prone viral disease in many parts of the world. Dengue flourishes in urban poor areas, suburbs and the countryside but also affects more affluent neighbourhoods in tropical and subtropical countries”.The virus that causes Dengue has four different serotypes. These serotypes are DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4. These serotypes belong to the genus Flavivirus, which belongs to Flaviviridae family.Aedes aegypti is the mosquito that transmits dengue virus. When female Aedes mosquito bites a person, it infects the person with dengue. Once the person gets infected, he/ she becomes the main carrier. The infected person then serves as a source of the Dengue virus for the uninfected mosquitoes.When the person gets infected with Dengue virus, the virus keeps on circulating in his/ her blood for 2-7 days and the infected person starts developing fever. The severity of the symptoms keeps on increasing if it is not treated properly or timely.
cholera-An infectious disease, Cholera, causes severe water diarrhoea, which can lead to dehydration. Cholera is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with bacterium called Vibirio Cholera.The disease is most common in places with poor sanitation, crowding, war and famine. However, cholera is not contagious.It takes between 12 hours to 5 days for a person to show symptoms after ingesting contaminated food or water. Cholera bacteria can enter a body through contaminated water or food due to poor hygiene and sanitation. This means consuming food and liquids from street vendors may be more dangerous than you think. Cholera bacteria can also enter your system through consumption of seafood, especially shellfish like crabs and oysters. Poorly cleaned vegetables irrigated in contaminated water is a major cause for the spread of this fatal epidemic.Cholera causes muscle cramps and vomiting. Patients can also become lethargic with sunken eyes, dry mouth and wrinkled eyes and feetn.
tuberculosis-Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that mostly affects the lungs but may impact other parts of the body as well. As it is a contagious disease, Tuberculosis or TB can easily spread through air. But it takes time to catch the disease as the germs grow slowly. Moreover, one has to spend a lot of time around the infected person to get affected.It should be noted that TB germs don’t thrive on surfaces. So, shaking hands, or sharing food with the infected person doesn’t cause TB.Tuberculosis is divided into two types: Latent TB and Active TB. You may already have Tuberculosis germs in your body but your immunity could be stopping the germs from spreading. This is referred to as the Latent Tuberculosis. A few symptoms of Latent Tuberculosis are cough, night sweats, fatigue, weight loss, flu-like symptoms and fever. In this case, the infected person is not contagious. However, there are chances that the infection may get active and consulting a doctor becomes important. The prescribed antibiotics prevent Latent Tuberculosis.In Latent Tuberculosis, the germs multiply and make the person sick. This makes the infection contagious. Some symptoms of Latent Tuberculosis are chills, fever, loss of appetite, coughing up blood, nausea, chest pain; feeling tired all the time, cough that lasts for more than three weeks, weight loss and also night sweats.
jaundice-A yellowish discolouration of the skin is referred to as Jaundice. If a person gets affected with Jaundice, the colour of the white area of his/ her eyes and mucous membranes turn yellow. This is caused due to elevated levels of the chemical called bilirubin in the blood. Jaundice is not a disease but an obvious symptom of an underlying disease process. Dysfunction of metabolism or excretion of bilirubin causes Jaundice. This dysfunction or excretion may occur at different stages, hence it is important to know the main cause of Jaundice. The causes of Jaundice are classified into three categories, pre-hepatic, hepatic and post-hepatic.