Write note on Plastids. (Six Points)
Answers
Plastid is a double membrane-bound organelle involved in the synthesis and storage of food, commonly found within the cells of photosynthetic plants.
Plastids were discovered and named by Ernst Haeckel, but A. F. W. Schimper was the first to provide a clear definition.
They are necessary for essential life processes, like photosynthesis and food storage.
A plastid containing green pigment (chlorophyll) is called chloroplast whereas a plastid containing pigments apart from green is called a chromoplast. A plastid that lacks pigments is called a leucoplast and is involved mainly in food storage.
Explanation:
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Your Solution:
Plastids are double-membrane organelles which are found in the cells of plants and algae. In their roles, the different types of plastids contribute to plant metabolism thus promoting plant growth and development. One of the main characteristics of these organelles is the fact that they have a double membrane.
The term Plastid is derived from the Greek word, plastos that means formed or shaped-plastids are a key dual-membrane organelle found, amidst others, in the cells of algae and plants. Plastids are the location of manufacturing and storage of vital chemical compounds that are used by the cell. They frequently hold pigments that are used in the process of photosynthesis, and the varieties of pigments existing can alter or regulate the cell’s color. They have a mutual source and hold a dual-stranded DNA molecule that is spherical, similar to that of prokaryotes.
There are different types of plastids with their specialized functions. Among them, a few are mainly classified based on the presence or absence of the Biological pigments and their stages of development.
• Chloroplasts : Chloroplasts are mainly for photosynthesis. They are present in leaves.
• Chromoplasts: Chromoplasts are responsible for the characteristic colour of flower and fruit.
• Gerontoplasts: A gerontoplast is a plastid that develops from a chloroplast during the sensing of plant foliage.
• Leucoplasts : storage of starch grain and oil drops. Such colourless plastids are present in underground roots, stems.
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