Write note on signal hypothesis for protein trageting.
Answers
The signal hypothesis, which describes how secretory and membrane proteins are targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum, was proposed in 1971 by Günter Blobel and David Sabatini and demonstrated by Blobel and Bernhard Dobberstein in 1975. Subsequent research identified the key components of the membrane insertion and translocation machinery, including the signal recognition particle (SRP), the SRP receptor and the protein‐conducting channel. Ultimately, the signal hypothesis was shown to be true for not only eukaryotes but also prokaryotes. Most importantly, the concept of signal‐mediated targeting was expanded into a general hypothesis of cellular topogenesis that helps to explain how proteins are distributed to their correct locations within the cell following their synthesis in the cytoplasm.
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