Write notes on Biochemical changes during seed germination.
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Following are the biochemical changes.....
1. Nucleic acids
In monocots, during imbibition, there is a rapid decrease of DNA and RNA contents in the endosperm with a simultaneous increase in the embryonic axis. High concentration of RNA in the embryonic axis precedes cell division. Due to more cell division DNA content is increased.
2. Carbohydrates
Insoluble carbohydrates like starch are the important reserve food of cereals in the endosperm. During germination, starch is hydrolysed first into maltose in the presence of alpha-amylase and ß - amylase and then maltose is converted into glucose by maltase. The glucose is further converted into soluble sucrose and transported to growing embryonic axis. During germination, the embryonic axis secretes gibberellic acid, into the aleurone layer which causes synthesis of alpha-amylase.
3. Lipids
Many plants like castor bean, peanut, etc, store large amount of lipids or fats as reserve food in their seeds. During germination, the fats are hydrolyzed into fatty acids and glycerol by lipase enzyme and are transported to the growing embryo.
1. Nucleic acids
In monocots, during imbibition, there is a rapid decrease of DNA and RNA contents in the endosperm with a simultaneous increase in the embryonic axis. High concentration of RNA in the embryonic axis precedes cell division. Due to more cell division DNA content is increased.
2. Carbohydrates
Insoluble carbohydrates like starch are the important reserve food of cereals in the endosperm. During germination, starch is hydrolysed first into maltose in the presence of alpha-amylase and ß - amylase and then maltose is converted into glucose by maltase. The glucose is further converted into soluble sucrose and transported to growing embryonic axis. During germination, the embryonic axis secretes gibberellic acid, into the aleurone layer which causes synthesis of alpha-amylase.
3. Lipids
Many plants like castor bean, peanut, etc, store large amount of lipids or fats as reserve food in their seeds. During germination, the fats are hydrolyzed into fatty acids and glycerol by lipase enzyme and are transported to the growing embryo.
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