write notes on three centre bonding ?
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A chemical bond is formed when two electrons pair up in an orbital. Each orbital can only accommodate two electrons (one spin up and one spin down). Since one electron is typically associated with one atom, then two atoms can come together to form a bond.
A bond between three atoms would require that, at any one time, one of the atoms is unbonded. If the barrier to bonding and unbonding is low, then each of the three atoms can slip in and out of being bonded faster than the atoms can dissociate, keeping the three center bond 'together'.
However, this is a very unstable situation as the barrier to bonding and unbonding is usually much higher, relatively speaking, than the energy required to dislodge the unbonded atom, and unbonded atoms usually have much more energetically favorable options, such as pairing with another unbonded atom to form a two center bond.
A bond between three atoms would require that, at any one time, one of the atoms is unbonded. If the barrier to bonding and unbonding is low, then each of the three atoms can slip in and out of being bonded faster than the atoms can dissociate, keeping the three center bond 'together'.
However, this is a very unstable situation as the barrier to bonding and unbonding is usually much higher, relatively speaking, than the energy required to dislodge the unbonded atom, and unbonded atoms usually have much more energetically favorable options, such as pairing with another unbonded atom to form a two center bond.
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