Question

Write on essay on the topic of earth quake

Answer 1

Earthquake is the trembling or shaking movement of the surface of earth. It is a sudden violent shaking of the earth surface occurs naturally and causes great destruction because of the strong movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. It is a natural disturbance which can be characterized as convulsion or concussion of the ground. It originates at any point within the crust and pushes a mass of rock to slip suddenly. A huge energy gets released and travels through rocks as waves, which causes vibrations and shaking of the earth surface. The word earthquake reveals its meaning very clearly (earth means ground or soil and quake means shake or tremble).

Earthquake is one of the dangerous and life threatening natural disaster which can come anytime and anywhere on the earth. Most of the earthquakes come with minor tremors however larger earthquakes with strong tremors generally begins with slight tremors but soon gets changed into more violent shocks. Stronger earthquakes generally end up with huge and forced vibrations at long distance from the main point of arousal. It gradually diminishes with reduced aftershocks. The focus of earthquakes becomes the subterranean point where it originates. Magnitude and intensity of the earthquake can be measured with the help of variety of scales such as Richter scale, moment magnitude scale, modified Mercalli scale, etc.

Earthquake is a life threatening event that responsible for the huge damage to the living and non-living beings. Earlier, it was quite hard to imagine the intensity of the earthquake before its occurrence. However, now-a-days, it has become easy to estimate the magnitude and intensity of earthquake because of the instrumental advancement in the world. People, in the ancient time, believed that earthquake occurs as mother earth was angry with them. It was Aristotle (a great Greek philosopher) who relate the occurrence of earthquake to some physical factors. According to him, the compression of air within the arch escapes cause shakes of some part of the earth surface and called as volcanic activity.Earthquake is a natural calamity can occur anytime and anywhere on the earth surface, cause lots of disturbance of to the living beings and useful natural resources. If we think about the earthquake, we also think that nothing is more destructive than this natural calamity. Earthquake has its long devastating history from the ancient time all over the world however its monotonous regularity makes us more fearful. Earth crust consists of several unfixed solid rock faces which move slowly below the surface under the range of millimeters to kilometers. The rate of movement increases with the thickness of plates. Such huge moving plates get separated from other plates and get out of their boundaries. Earthquake occurs when such moving plates clash with each other and separate.

Sometimes volcanos (located around edges of the Pacific Ocean, known as Ring of Fire) bursts and releases lots of lava, gas, etc which causes pressure and imbalance within the earth surface and produces earthquake waves in the surrounding areas. Thus, volcanic activity within the earth surface is one of the reasons for earthquakes. Faults created by the volcanic activitiy are filled up by the strong earht surface movement which causes tremor. Everyone should take care of them when earthquake occurs by following some precautions like:

People should stay calm and stay inside or outside the door but away from windows, buildings and power lines.They should stand against the wall near to the center of building, at doorway and crawl under some heavy furnitures like a desk or table.Never use flammable things like matches, candles, or any other flame as they caught fire with broken gas lines.Never use elevators as they may stuck.If someone is in the running car, he/she must stop the car and stay inside until the earthquake stops.

Answer 2

arthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They don't just slide smoothly; the rocks catch on each other. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that's built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs. During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving, and they continue to move until they get stuck again. The spot underground where the rock breaks is called the focus of the earthquake. The place right above the focus (on top of the ground) is called the epicenter of the earthquake.
Earthquake is caused due to the movement of tectonic plates. Earth consists of four layers out of which the the two uppermost layers, crust and the top of mantle forms a thin layer. This layer consists of pieces of rocks in the form of plates known as tectonic plates. These pieces keep on moving around which grind and scrape against each other. Sometimes the rough edges of the plates get stuck while rest of the plates keep moving.When the plates move far enough, the edges unstick causing a slip of earth's block with release of enormous energy which causes the earth surface to shake. Thus the earthquake is caused.