Question

Write on structure of an ecosystem with reference to Pond

Ecosystem.​

Answer 1

The important components of pond ecosystem are as follows:
1) Abiotic Components: These include basic inorganic and organic compounds such as water, CO2, O2, Ca, N, and P and their compounds as amino acid and humic acids, etc. Amounts of various organic compounds like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, etc., are also estimated for biomass determination.
2) Biotic Components: The biotic components of a pond ecosystem are as follows:
i) Producers: These are autotrophic, green plants, and some photosynthetic bacteria. The producers fix radiant energy and with the help of minerals derived from the water and mud, they manufacture complex organic substances like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, etc. They are mainly macrophytes (rooted hydrophytes, e.g., Trapa, Salvinia, etc.) and phytoplanktons (minute lower plants, e.g., Spirogyra, etc.).
ii) Consumers: These are nutritionally dependent on producers, the green plants. Most of the consumers are herbivores. They are mainly Zooplanktons – primary consumers (Euglene, Lecane, etc.), secondary consumers (insects, small fishes and water beetles) and tertiary consumers (big fishes).
iii) Decomposers: These are also known as micro-consumers because they absorb only a fraction of the decomposed organic matter. They bring about the decomposition of complex dead organic matter of both producers as well as the macro-consumers to simple form. They play an important role in the return of mineral elements again to the medium of the pond.

Answer 2

Pond ecosystem is a freshwater ecosystem with a complex interaction between its biotic and abiotic components.

Explanation:

• Ponds are the artificial and natural bodies of water.
• The fresh water ecosystem on which different organisms depend for their survival and to fulfill their nutritional needs is known as pond ecosystem.
• The ponds are usually 12 to 15 feet deep.
• The components of pond ecosystem are biotic and abiotic components.
• Biotic components consist of producers, consumers, and decomposers.
• Abiotic components are organic and inorganic materials.
• Pond ecosystem which falls under fresh water ecosystem is further divided into three zones namely littoral zone, open water zone, and deep eater zone.
• Some differentiate pond ecosystem  into five types such as salt ponds, garden ponds, freshwater ponds, vernal ponds, and underground ponds.
• Pond ecosystem has its own significance as it provides inhabitation to scarce species and supports biodiversity.
• Ponds serve as mini reservoirs which help to drain field during rain.
• Pond ecosystem is not just important for quenching thirst and for providing inhabitation, but also adds beauty to mother nature.