Question

Write one prudential reason and one moral reason for power sharing?
10 Give reasons for civil war in Sri Lanka?
11 After reading this chapter, three students drew different conclusions. Which of these do you agree with and why? Give your reasons in about 50 words. Thomman – Power sharing is necessary only in societies which have religious, linguistic or ethnic divisions. Mathayi – Power sharing is suitable only for big countries that have regional divisions. Ouseph – Every society needs some form of power sharing even if it is small or does not have social divisions.
12 The Mayor of Merchtem, a town near Brussels in Belgium, has defended a ban on speaking French in the town’s schools. He said that the ban would help all non-Dutch speakers integrate into this Flemish town. Do you think that this measure is in keeping with the spirit of Belgium’s power-sharing arrangements? Give your reasons in about 50 words.
13 Give a comparative analysis between Belgium and India in the sphere of area.
14 Examine any two reasons for strained relationship between the Sinhala and the Tamil communities.
15 Describe any three demands of the Sri Lankan Tamils. How did they struggle for their demands?
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Answer 1

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Prudential Reason: Power sharing helps in reducing the conflict between various social groups. Hence, power sharing is necessary for maintaining social harmony and peace. Moral Reason: The avoiding conflict in society and preventing majority tyranny are considered as prudential reasons for power sharing.

1. The British granted Ceylon independence in 1948. The Sinhalese majority immediately began to pass laws that discriminated against Tamils, particularly the Indian Tamils brought to the island by the British. They made Sinhalese the official language, driving Tamils out of the civil service
2. If we take the example of india many andolan has been started by many people due to the religion. if we give equal rights to every religion than no violence will start so the country which have religious, linguistic or ethnic divisions should have power sharing otherwise there is no need of power sharing.
3. No, This measure is not in keeping with Belgium's power sharing arrangements. The arrangements seek to maintain peace between the French and Dutch-speaking communities. By banning French, the mayor will cause civil unrest. Both the languages should be made acceptable in the town's schools. This bilingual education system will be a better way to integrate the people of the town.
4. Area-wise Belgium is a small country in Europe.It 61 is smaller in area than that of Haryana in India. It has a borders with Netherlands, France and Germany.(ii) Regarding population it has a population of over one crore, about half the population of Haryana.(iii) Besides, it has a very complex ethnic composition comprising various language speaking communites than India which is a secular and integrated country.
5. The relations between Sinhalese and Sri Lankan Tamils were strained because the Sinhalese being in majority followed the majoritarian policies in order to ascertain the supremacy of their community. By an Act passed in 1956, Sinhala was recognised as the only official language of the country and Tamil was ignored
6. The 3 demands if Sri Lankan Tamils are

• A separate state "tamil eelam".
• Tamil as the official language.
• Equal opportunities as Sinhalese people

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Answer 2

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