Question

write oxidation and reduction reaction with its example

Answer 1

There is a specific type of chemical reaction called oxidation-reduction reactions (or redox reactions for short). In these reactions, electrons are transferred from one reactant to another. So, simply put, electrons are lost from one substance and gained by another.

Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons from a substance, while reduction refers to the gain of electrons by a substance. These two processes cannot occur without the other. That being said, if there's a reduction reaction, there must be an oxidation reaction. Or, if there's an oxidation reaction, there must be a reduction reaction. Don't be confused by reduction being a gain, though. Adding electrons is called reduction because the overall charge is reduced - more electrons means the substance becomes more negative.

For example, carbon typically has six protons, six neutrons and six electrons. If we reduce carbon, it gains an electron. If you remember, electrons are negative, so adding another electron would make seven, and the carbon atom would become more negative. We would say that the carbon's overall charge has decreased, or it has been reduced.

An easy way to keep it straight is by using the mnemonic device 'LEO the lion says GER.' LEO stands for 'lose electrons oxidation.' GER stands for 'gain electrons reduction.' So, oxidation is when an atom loses electrons, while reduction is when an atom gains electrons.

Redox Reaction Examples

The easiest way to fully understand redox reactions is to look at some examples. So let's start by looking at the reaction that forms table salt. Sodium is oxidized and loses an electron to have a +1 charge; meanwhile chlorine is reduced because it gains the electron to have a -1 charge. The redox reaction creates two ions with opposite charges that are attracted to one another and create sodium chloride, or table salt.

At this point it's also important to discuss reducing and oxidizing agents. A reducing agent donates electrons or reduces another substance. So, in the case of our table salt reaction, sodium is the reducing agent. An oxidizing agent accepts electrons or oxidizes another substance. So, in the case of our table salt reaction, chlorine is the oxidizing agent. An oxidizing agent gains electrons, and an oxidizing agent is reduced.

A silly mnemonic device to help you remember this is 'Ryan already likes eating ostriches. Ostriches are getting eaten regularly.' The mnemonic stands for a reducing agent loses electrons and is oxidized, while an oxidizing agent gains electrons and is reduced.

Answer 2

Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.
ex:- Mg + O2 -------------> MgO
here magnesium is getting oxidized as it's oxidation state goes from 0 to +2
Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.
ex:- Mg + O2 ----------> MgO
here oxygen is getting reduced it's oxidation state decreases from 0 to (-2)
That means oxidation and reduction both processes takes place simultaneously when a substance is getting oxidized then at the same time some other substance gets reduced