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Symptoms, causes and prevention of High blood pressure (hypertension)​

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How to Lower High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Medical Author: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

Medical Editor: Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD

Medically Reviewed on 8/26/2020

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Signs/Symptoms

Causes

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High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Center

Doctor holding a sign asking “have you checked your blood pressure lately?”

Source: MedicineNet

What is high blood pressure? What is normal blood pressure?

High blood pressure (hypertension) is defined as high pressure (tension) in the arteries, which are the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Blood pressure readings are given as two numbers:

The systolic blood pressure (the top number) equals the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts.

The diastolic pressure (the bottom number) is the pressure in the arteries as the heart relaxes.

Normal blood pressure is below 120/80.

In 2017, the American College of Cardiology released new guidelines for high blood pressure.

Blood pressure between 120/80 and 129/80 is elevated blood pressure, and a blood pressure of 130/80 or above is considered high.

The American Academy of Cardiology defines blood pressure ranges as:

Hypertension stage 1 is 130-139 or 80-89 mm Hg, and hypertension stage 2 is 140 or higher, or 90 mm Hg or higher.

Complications of high blood pressure include heart disease, kidney (renal) disease, hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis), eye damage, and stroke (brain damage).

Hypertension is a major public health problem. With the new guidelines for defining high blood presure, The American Heart Association estimates high blood pressure affects nearly half of all adults (46%) in the United States.

Blood pressure chart showing the classifications of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels.

Source: iStock

What do blood pressure readings mean? (blood pressure readings chart)

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Blood pressure readings can vary in a single person throughout the day depending on the situation. Factors such as stress, anxiety, foods are eaten (caffeine or salt intake), smoking or exercise can cause pressure to rise.

The American Heart Association defines normal blood pressure as less than 120/80. Elevated blood pressure ranges between 120/80 and 129/80, and high blood pressure is 130/80 and higher. In pregnancy, normal blood pressure should be below 120/80.

If your blood pressure reaches into the high range, you should see your doctor about lifestyle changes, and possibly medication especially if you have other risk factors, such as diabetes or heart disease.

High blood pressure (for example, 180/110 or higher) may indicate an emergency situation. If this high blood pressure is associated with chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, or back or abdominal pain, seek medical care immediately. If you are experiencing no associated symptoms with a high blood pressure reading such as this, re-check it again within a few minutes and contact your doctor or go to an emergency room if it is still high.

If your blood pressure is lower than about 100/60 you may have low blood pressure, depending on the associated symptoms. If you are unsure, check with your doctor.

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Signs, Causes, Diet, and Treatment

See a medical illustration of high blood pressure (HBP) plus our entire medical gallery of human anatomy and physiology

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A man describes his symptoms to his doctor.

Source: iStock

What are the signs and symptoms of high blood pressure?

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High blood pressure may not have any symptoms and so hypertension has been labeled "the silent killer." Longstanding high blood pressure can lead to multiple complications including heart attack, kidney disease, or stroke.

Some people experience symptoms with their high blood pressure. These symptoms include:

Headache

Dizziness

Shortness of breath

Blurred vision

Feeling of pulsations in the neck or head

Answer 2

Answer:

Question:-

• Write point wise Symptoms, causes and prevention of High Blood pressure.

Answer:-

Symptoms of High Blood Pressure

• Severe headaches.
• Nosebleed.
• Fatigue or confusion.
• Vision problems.
• Chest pain.
• Difficulty breathing.
• Irregular heartbeat.
• Blood in the urine.

Causes of High Blood Pressure

• Kidney disease.
• Diabetes.
• Long-term kidney infections.
• Obstructive sleep apnoea – where the walls of the throat relax and narrow during sleep, interrupting normal breathing.
• Glomerulonephritis – damage to the tiny filters inside the kidneys.
• Narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys.

Prevention of High Blood Pressure

• Eat a Healthy Diet. Choose healthy meal and snack options to help you avoid high blood pressure and its complications.
• Keep Yourself at a Healthy Weight. Having overweight or obesity increases your risk for high blood pressure.
• Be Physically Active.
• Do Not Smoke.
• Limit How Much Alcohol You Drink.
• Get Enough Sleep.

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