write short note about biodiversity of nepal with necessary relevant data
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Our country is situated on the southern lap of high Himalayan range between India and the Tibetan autonomous region of the people’s republic of China. The total area is 147181 sq km having the length of 885 km from east to west and average of breadth 193 km .The latitude is 26’ 22’’ and 30’ 37’’ north and 80’4’’ and 12’ east. Within this range,we are endowed with the deepest George ‘Kaligandaki’ to the highest point of Mount Everest at 8848 m from sea level. Presence of typical geography,we possess the outstanding biodiversity in the world ranging from subtropical rain forest to alpine desert along with the tranquil and enchanting feathers. Despite of small land areas also, we possess three greatly altered geographical region, contrariness of which measures the height of moon literally which has blessed for it’s natural features and rich in biodiversity. Our country is praised all over the world and our paradise is always the major center of attention. If someone describes about our country, there is not the mystery that one of the few sentences will certainly refer that some of Himalayan, hilly and terai region. And the more interesting is that very great difference in between each of these region from the point view of topography , nature,, scenic view, climate, vegetation ,lifestyle of people etc. In totality such features have enriched our biodiversity.
Biodiversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including , among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this include diversity within species , between species and of ecosystem. In fact we are enrich in the biodiversity and the diversity and Nepal are like bones and flesh that is our nation is entitled with diversity in the world. The folks are always admiring the geography and diversity of Nepal. Our country occupies about 0.1 %of the total land , in which 71% covered by water isn’t included , if it is included the proportion becomes 0.03%. Diversity starts from the lowest to highest Himalaya peak in the world which is a reflection of it’s unique geographical position and climate variation. There are over 6500 species of flowering plants, over 1500 fungi species, over 350 lichen species. Out of those about 370 species of flowering plants are considered endemic to Nepal. Faunal diversity in Nepal is also vast, the country harbors 175 mammal species, 836 bird species, 147 reptile and amphibian species, 180 species of fish, 640 species of butterfly and above 6000 species of moth . Of these, 26 species of mammals, nine birds and three reptiles are either endangered or vulnerable or threatened. Those species include Tiger, Rhinoceros, Elephant, Musk deer, Snow leopard, Swamp deer, wild buffalo, Bengal florican, Lesser florican, Red panda, clouded leopard, Gangatic dolphin, Gharial, etc. .A total of 118 ecosystems have been identified in different physiographic zones of Nepal. Out of these ecosystems, 80 ecosystems are represented in present protected area system in Nepal.
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